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Sectoral Transformation of Turkish Free Zones

Author

Listed:
  • Derya KARAKAŞ

    (İTÜ, İşletme Fak. İşletme Müh. Bölümü)

  • Sevil ACAR

    (Marmara University, Department of Economics; Visiting Scholar, CERE (Centre for Environmental & Resource Economics), Umeå University, Sweden)

Abstract

Free zones (FZs) have been used to promote export-orientation of Turkey after 1980. These zones initially focused on labour and resource-intensive manufacturing goods. In time, sectoral diversification took place accompanying the deepening industrialization in the country. This paper examines the sectoral restructuring of Turkish FZs. The analysis shows that Turkish zones have supported domestic accumulation via mainly the provision of cheaper foreign inputs to Turkey. Besides, the zones have served to global opening-up of Turkish capital by containing export-oriented production. In terms of sectoral transformation, the analysis finds that medium-tech industries dominate Turkish FZs rather than low-tech industries. Moreover, high-tech industries have a rising importance in the FZ exports. These findings indicate that the zones have been integrated to Turkey’s new industry policies which aim a higher share of medium- and high-tech industries in Turkish manufacturing production and export.

Suggested Citation

  • Derya KARAKAŞ & Sevil ACAR, 2011. "Sectoral Transformation of Turkish Free Zones," Iktisat Isletme ve Finans, Bilgesel Yayincilik, vol. 26(305), pages 57-84.
    • Handle: RePEc:iif:iifjrn:v:26:y:2011:i:305:p:57-84
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Export processing zones; Turkish economy; Sectoral diversification;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • L60 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - General
    • O19 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - International Linkages to Development; Role of International Organizations

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