The T-Sat1 Nanosatellite Design and Implementation Through a Team of Teams

It is very challenging to design complex machines and systems that operate in very difficult remote locations, under largely unknown or uncertain conditions. Specifications for such systems must be extremely detailed and extensive, with input from professionals who have designed such systems before, and who gained considerable experience from their operations. Since much of the operating environment is not known in advance, cognitive informatics and computing should play a critical role in such design and operation. This paper describes such a complex system, the T-Sat1 nanosatellite, including its characteristics, its mission, subsystems, as well as the development of specifications, protocols for verification, testing, launch, early operating procedures, and concepts for nominal operations. Particular attention is given to the formation and maintenance of a team of teams, with a multitude of their interactions. The design teams must focus on the satellite subsystems, assembly, integration and testing. The teams of advisors (from academia, aerospace and other industries, business, military, government, and other organizations such as the radio community) must focus on optimal assistance provided to the corresponding design teams.