Student ICT Use Motives: Scale Construction and Relationship With Student Alienation

Research on the second-level digital divide suggests that motivational factors are crucial for its comprehensive understanding. However, the literature survey indicates a lack of research on ICT usage motives and their relation with student alienation. Using data from an offline survey on university students, this study establishes psychometric properties of student's ICT usage motive scale in the Kashmiri context. Based on SCT theory, the scale distinguishes between three underlying ICT usage motives—socialising, instrumental, and mood management—with the latter two motives negatively correlated with each other. Further analysis shows that instrumental motive reflected a moderate negative correlation with learned helplessness (LH), learning disinterest (LD), and learning discouragement (LDC) dimensions of student alienation. Socialising motive showed a moderate positive correlation with classroom isolation (CIS). CFA (n=575) model showed the least metric invariance with regard to gender and residential background.