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Why do countries engage in the preferential trade agreement network?

Author

Listed:
  • Flavia Rovira

    (Centro de Investigaciones Económicas – CINVE (Montevideo, Uruguay))

  • Marcel Vaillant

    (Universidad de la República (Montevideo, Uruguay))

Abstract

We analyze the determinants of Preferential Trade Agreements Networks dynamics. We propose a theoretical framework based in an extension of Baldwin (1995) to rationalize the determinants of PTA formation as a way to maximize preferential market access and/or diminish market discrimination. To build the empirical model we use a Stochastic Actor Oriented Models proposed by Snijders (2001). We suppose that three main set of variables will affect the countries motivation to change their PTA neighborhood at each moment. The first is related to natural trade cost and market size. The second group is related to political economy effects. And finally, we include a variable related to trade specialization, which has not been used in earlier works to explain PTAs. Following Snijders et al. (2012) we also control for hierarchy structures of the PTA, and we extend their work by analyzing the change in this phenomenon when considering a broader period of time. Results show that the signs of usual variables behave as expected in the literature for the first period but hierarchy effect dilutes after 2004. As a contribution to existing literature, we found that trade rivalry between countries is also significant in explaining the dynamics of PTA./ Analizamos los determinantes de la dinámica de las Redes de Acuerdos Comerciales Preferenciales. Proponemos un marco teórico basado en una extensión de Baldwin (1995) para racionalizar los determinantes de la formación de PTA como una forma de maximizar el acceso preferencial al mercado y/o disminuir la discriminación en el mercado. Para construir el modelo empírico utilizamos un modelo orientado a actores estocásticos propuesto por Snijders (2001). Suponemos que tres variables principales afectarán la motivación de los países para cambiar su vecindario de PTA en cada momento. El primero está relacionado con el costo del comercio natural y el tamaño del mercado. El segundo grupo está relacionado con los efectos de la economía política. Y finalmente incluimos una variable relacionada con la especialización comercial, que no se ha utilizado en trabajos anteriores para explicar las PTA. Siguiendo a Snijders et al. (2012) también controlamos las estructuras jerárquicas de la PTA, y extendemos su trabajo analizando el cambio en este fenómeno al considerar un período de tiempo más amplio. Los resultados muestran que los signos de las variables usuales se comportan como se espera en la literatura para el primer período, pero el efecto de la jerarquía se diluye después de 2004. Como contribución a la literatura existente, encontramos que la rivalidad comercial entre los países también es importante para explicar la dinámica de los PTA.

Suggested Citation

  • Flavia Rovira & Marcel Vaillant, 2024. "Why do countries engage in the preferential trade agreement network?," Revista de Economía y Estadística, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Instituto de Economía y Finanzas, vol. 62(1), pages 111-155, Diciembre.
  • Handle: RePEc:ief:reveye:v:62:y:2024:i:1:p:111-155
    DOI: 10.55444/2451.7321.2024.v62.n1.46447
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Preferential trade agreements; networks;

    JEL classification:

    • F02 - International Economics - - General - - - International Economic Order and Integration
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade

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