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A 30 años de Ouro Preto. En busca de una respuesta contemporánea a la inserción internacional de la región

Author

Listed:
  • Marcel Vaillant

    (Universidad de la República (Montevideo, Uruguay))

Abstract

El funcionamiento del comercio internacional en la actualidad plantea una tensión entre la erosión de las reglas del sistema multilateral montado desde la posguerra y la parsimonia de su evolución con la creación de nuevos acuerdos plurilaterales con más disciplinas a ser armonizadas. En este contexto, luego de más de tres décadas de existencia, el MERCOSUR enfrenta dos desafíos que están vinculados. Por un lado, mejorar el funcionamiento del magro comercio intra-regional, para lo cual se identifican los principales problemas y se proponen distintas alternativas de cambio. Por otro, el mayor desafío es salir de la trampa proteccionista que caracterizó todo su desarrollo, y que está en la base del paupérrimo desempeño en materia de la suscripción de acuerdos preferenciales con terceros. El objetivo es aumentar la apertura del propio mercado y mejorar las condiciones de acceso al mercado de terceros. A 30 años de la reunión de Ouro Preto, no existe hoy una unión aduanera, ni una senda hacia la misma. Se proponen diferentes caminos para lograr un formato regional que sea posible de ser aplicado y que supere el negativo estatus quo. / The functioning of international trade today is characterized by a tension between the erosion of the rules of the multilateral system established since the post-war period and the parsimony of its development with the creation of new multilateral agreements with more disciplines to be harmonized. In this context, after more than three decades of existence, MERCOSUR faces two related challenges. On the one hand, to improve the functioning of the meager intraregional trade, for which the main problems are identified and different alternatives for change are proposed. On the other hand, the main challenge is to break out of the protectionist trap that has characterized its entire development and which is at the root of its poor performance in signing preferential agreements with third countries. The objective is to increase the openness of its own market and improve the conditions of access to third markets. Thirty years after the Ouro Preto meeting, there is no customs union, nor is there a path towards one. Different paths are proposed to achieve a regional format that can be applied and overcome the negative status quo.

Suggested Citation

  • Marcel Vaillant, 2024. "A 30 años de Ouro Preto. En busca de una respuesta contemporánea a la inserción internacional de la región," Revista de Economía y Estadística, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Facultad de Ciencias Económicas, Instituto de Economía y Finanzas, vol. 62(1), pages 11-36, Diciembre.
  • Handle: RePEc:ief:reveye:v:62:y:2024:i:1:p:11-36
    DOI: 10.55444/2451.7321.2024.v62.n1.47855
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    MERCOSUR; multiteralismo; regionalismo;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F10 - International Economics - - Trade - - - General
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F15 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Economic Integration

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