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The sources of regional variation in Canadian self-employment

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  • Ben Spigel

Abstract

The regional variation of entrepreneurship and self-employment within and across nations has been carefully studied over the past 20 years. A multitude of papers covering more than a dozen countries have examined what economic and social factors drive local entrepreneurship. This paper both adds to this literature by examining the sources of regional variation of self-employment in Canada as well as critiques it by discussing the challenge of applying findings from one country to others. Through a meta-analysis of 34 previous studies of regional entrepreneurial variation, several common factors are identified and then examined in a Canadian context. Using data from the 2006 Census of Canada, the paper uses OLS regression to test the role of economic, demographic, and social factors on non-agricultural self-employment in Canadian census metropolitan areas. Population growth, migration, unemployment, firm size and structure all play a significant role in rates of self-employment in Canada.

Suggested Citation

  • Ben Spigel, 2012. "The sources of regional variation in Canadian self-employment," International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 15(3), pages 340-361.
    • Handle: RePEc:ids:ijesbu:v:15:y:2012:i:3:p:340-361
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