The Calendar and the Time Account of the Turko-Tatars

The relevance of the studied problem is caused by the fact that the identity of this or that nation is reflected first of all in its traditional culture which indissoluble areas are the calendar and the time account. Without studying this sphere of knowledge of national culture it is impossible to understand not only spiritual but also material, social life in the Turko-Tatar societies. The purpose of this article is the identification and the analysis of the facts of a calendar of the Turko-Tatars in close relationship with other areas of their spiritual culture. The leading method to the study of this problem is a complex method. The use of a complex method for us is not only a means of bringing in one research of diverse material as rather the principle of mutual validation and correlation of the facts and the objectivity of the conclusions. The main results of this article are detection of features and nature of the calendar of the Turko-Tatars, their role of public and spiritual life in interrelation with cultures of the Central Asian, the Muslim states. The article can be useful for historians, culturologists in research of culture, scientific knowledge, and socio-economic phenomena of the Turko-Tatars.