Semasiological Relations between the Lexical Parallels in the French and Russian Languages (A Case Study of the French Borrowed Vocabulary)

The relevance of the paper is determined by the intensification of international and intercultural contacts contributing to further promotion of the Russian language lexical system enrichment. The paper is devoted to the study and scientific analysis of neologisms of the French origin in the Russian language of modern period in terms of semantic adaptation of the foreign word in the recipient language. The basic mechanisms of reception and adaptation of the French language ethno-cultural components in the Russian language were identified through the analysis of various sources, including etymological, defining, and foreign dictionaries. This article describes four basic mechanisms of lexical-semantic assimilation of the foreign words in the Russian language environment (narrowing or expanding of the semantic range of a word; semantic structure sustainability; semantic shift). The study data of the article suggest the universal character of the proposed analysis criteria that can be applied to foreign language vocabulary of any language of any etymology.