Studying the Effect of Climatic Changes on Water Systems: A Case Study of Marghab River

Water is one of the essential needs of humans. Although it has taken two thirds of the Earth’s surface, water management and planning seems inevitable due to its time and place limitations on one hand and the little volume of sweet and accessible water on the other hand. Basically, change and movement are elements of natural systems. However, the subject of change in climate is nowadays one of the widespread scientific and even political and social issues. Climate as undeniable fact of our life environment has fairly regular periods of variations and change on time-place scale and fairly irregular changes due to human interference in the cycle of the Earth’s ecosystem. Since one of the important aspects of climate is the climatic changes’ effect on water systems of Marghab River, the process of climatic changes were studied in a 25-year-old statistical period from 1996 to 2011 regarding time and place parameters of climatic elements of temperature, and effective precipitation in the area. The present research was done using the ambit or range of the watershed method and the data was gathered by library-field research methods using geographical information system. In the present research, the results of linear relationship of climatic changes’ process show that the double increase of temperature and the decrease of precipitation in the area and their relationship with the decrease of water of Marghab River are significant. In addition, the above factors are effective in the break of Tondaran Lake and have caused Marghab River to become seasonal.