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Light Quality Effect on Corn Growth as Influenced by Weed Species and Nitrogen Rate

Author

Listed:
  • Thomas Butts
  • Joshua Miller
  • J. Pruitt
  • Bruno Vieira
  • Maxwel Oliveira
  • Salvador Ramirez II
  • John Lindquist

Abstract

Corn-weed competition has often been characterized as the competition for limited resources such as light quantity, water, and nutrients. However, growing evidence suggests that light quality, specifically the red-far red ratio (R-FR), is a crucial component to corn-weed interactions. Additionally, a reduction in the R-FR has shown to down-regulate plant genes similarly to a nitrogen (N) deficient environment. A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the effect of N stress and R-FR from common waterhemp, velvetleaf, and volunteer corn on corn growth and development. The R-FR for all three weed species tended to be similar but lower than a weed-free treatment. However, observations from the spectral response curves demonstrated significant changes in the patterns of light reflected from each weed species. In the N-sufficient environment, early-season (V5 corn growth stage) R-FR from all three weed species reduced corn height, leaf chlorophyll content, and shoot biomass while increasing fibrous root biomass. However, in the N-deficient environment, no effects were observed on corn growth from changes in light quality, indicating N stress was a greater limiting factor. These results highlight the importance of the critical weed-free period and the need for proper early-season weed management.

Suggested Citation

  • Thomas Butts & Joshua Miller & J. Pruitt & Bruno Vieira & Maxwel Oliveira & Salvador Ramirez II & John Lindquist, 2016. "Light Quality Effect on Corn Growth as Influenced by Weed Species and Nitrogen Rate," Journal of Agricultural Science, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 9(1), pages 1-15, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:ibn:jasjnl:v:9:y:2016:i:1:p:15
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    JEL classification:

    • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
    • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

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