The Evaluation of Corn and Peanut Intercropping on Efficiency of Use the Environmental Resource and Soil Fertility

Order to study the effect of density, the control weed and various proportion corn (704 Variety) and peanut (Goli Variety) intercropping an experiment was conducted in 2012 in Research station of agriculture, University of Zabol. The experiment design was factorial in randomized complete block design with three replications. Experiment factors consisted of planting proportions in 4 levels (sole crop of corn, 50% corn + 50% peanut, 100% corn + 100% peanut and sole crop of peanut), control weed in 3 levels (non-weeding, once-weeding and twice-weeding) and the space between rows in 2 level (40 and 50 cm) has been considered. The evaluated Characteristics in environmental sources are (Photosynthetic Active Radiation, Temperature and soil Moisture), the nutrients of soil include (N, K, Na, Mg, Ca, and C) and to evaluate intercropping of pure was used land equivalent ratio and economical yield. All Characteristics of study were affected by planting system.There was significant interaction between planting system, weeding and density in the absorption of light, temperature and moisture of soil. The results showed that photosynthesis active radiation absorbed by the intercropping was higher than sole crop in both plants. The results showed that changes in soil nutrient capacity of single elements (Na and K) in the treatment of mixed and monoculture peanut was more than monoculture corn and divalent elements (Ca and Mg) in mixed and monoculture corn more than mixed replacement and peanut monoculture. The highest land equivalent ratio (1.048) was accounted additive intercropping. Generally the mixed cultures with increasing density and control weed caused increase soil fertility and amount of soil nutrients after harvest. Treatment 100% Corn +100% peanut was the best treatment because using sources and increasing soil fertility and crop yield in comparison to sole crop.