Evaluation of Cytotoxicity, Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Innate Reveal Efficient Medications in Native Lactuca indica

Lactuca indica is an edible wild vegetable, which is frequently availed as a folk remedy for its anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and other treatments in Asia. This study was executed to evaluate the cytotoxicity, antioxidant and phenolic contents of the methanol extracts from different organs of Lactuca indica. The highest amount of phenolics found in the methanol extracts of leaf (35.09 ± 0.15 mg/g), followed by stem (15.44 ± 0.20 mg/g), root (13.50 ± 0.19 mg/g) and flower (12.50 ± 0.39 mg/g) while the highest flavonoid contents also observed in the methanol extracts of leaf (26.90 ± 0.22 mg/g). Methanol extracts of leaf showed a pronounced DPPH radical scavenging activity (90.37 ± 0.15 mg/mL) and the ABTS radical scavenging activity (99.84 ± 0.02 mg/mL) at 10 mg/mL and 20 mg/mL respectively. Using MTT assay, the methanol extracts of leaf showed the highest cytotoxicity (IC50 113.84 ?g/mL) against human breast adenocarcinoma cell (MCF-7). To this end, the results revealed that the phenolic contents were highly correlated with the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. The findings suggest that it could contribute to the antioxidant properties of different organs of the studied plant. In this regard, the cytotoxicity and antioxidant properties could be helpful for the evaluation of the bioactive properties of Lactuca indica.