Hydroalcoholic Extract of Crambe on Sitophilus zeamais Insects and Maize Seed Quality

The objective of this work is to evaluate the insecticidal and attractiveness of concentrations of hydroalcoholic extract of crambe grains on Sitophilus zeamais, and its effect on the physiological quality of corn seeds. The experiments were conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology and Seeds of the Assis Gurgacz University Center, in Cascavel, PR. The evaluation of attractiveness and insecticidal effect were evaluated using DIC, with 4 treatments (0, 5, 15 and 25% extract concentration) and 10 or 5 replications, respectively, totaling 40 experimental plots for the insect attractiveness test and 20 Experimental plots for the test of the insecticidal effect. For the experiment on the physiological quality of corn seeds submitted to the extracts, a DIC was set up in a 4 × 4 factorial scheme, factor 1 being the storage time of the seeds (0, 30, 60 and 90 days) and factor 2, the concentrations (0, 5, 15 and 25%), with 4 replicates, totaling 64 plots. Data were submitted to ANAVA, and means adjusted to regression or submitted to the Tukey test at 5% of probability, using the statistical program ASSISTAT®. The results evidenced the treatment with a hydroalcoholic extract in the concentration of 25% as the one with the highest insecticidal effect, and extract at 15% concentration yields a higher percentage of germination, normal seedlings, and mass of seedlings than the control. At 25% concentration, the extract do not negatively influence any of the parameters analyzed. Storage time above 60 days stimulates germination, mass and length of maize seedlings.