IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ibn/ijspjl/v13y2025i2p33.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Reproducibility of Implicit Association Test (IAT) – Case Study of Meta-Analysis of Racial Bias Research Claims

Author

Listed:
  • S. Stanley Young
  • Warren B. Kindzierski

Abstract

The Implicit Association Test, IAT, is widely used to measure hidden (subconscious) human biases – implicit bias – of many topics of interest- race, gender, age, ethnicity, religion stereotypes. There is a need to understand the reliability of these measures as they are being used in many decisions in society today. A study was undertaken to independently test the reliability of (ability to reproduce) racial bias research claims of Black−White relations based on IAT (implicit bias) and explicit bias measurements using statistical p-value plots. These claims were for IAT−real-world behavior correlations and explicit bias−real-world behavior correlations of Black−White relations in a meta-analysis. The p-value plots were constructed using data sets from the meta-analysis and the plots exhibited considerable randomness for all correlations examined. This randomness supports a lack of correlation between IAT (implicit bias) and explicit bias measurements with real-world behaviors of Whites towards Blacks. These findings were observed for microbehaviors (measures of nonverbal and subtle verbal behavior) and person perception judgments (explicit judgments about others). Findings of the p-value plots were consistent with the meta-analysis research claim that the IAT provides little insight into who will discriminate against whom. It was also observed that the amount of real-world variance explained by the IAT and explicit bias measurements was small – less than 5%.

Suggested Citation

  • S. Stanley Young & Warren B. Kindzierski, 2025. "Reproducibility of Implicit Association Test (IAT) – Case Study of Meta-Analysis of Racial Bias Research Claims," International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 13(2), pages 1-33, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:ibn:ijspjl:v:13:y:2025:i:2:p:33
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijsp/article/download/0/0/50266/54409
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://ccsenet.org/journal/index.php/ijsp/article/view/0/50266
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. S. Stanley Young & Warren B. Kindzierski, 2022. "Statistical Reliability of a Diet-Disease Association Meta-analysis," International Journal of Statistics and Probability, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 11(3), pages 1-40, May.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.

      More about this item

      JEL classification:

      • R00 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General - - - General
      • Z0 - Other Special Topics - - General

      Statistics

      Access and download statistics

      Corrections

      All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ibn:ijspjl:v:13:y:2025:i:2:p:33. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

      If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

      If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

      If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

      For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Canadian Center of Science and Education (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/cepflch.html .

      Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

      IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.