A Multiobjective Multiproduct Mathematical Modeling for Green Supply Chain considering Location-Routing Decisions

Global warming and environmental pollution are concepts that are more or less encountered in the news and newspapers today. Protecting the environment is crucial to the survival of humanity and the many plant and animal species that inhabit the planet. Lack of control of greenhouse gases can increase the average surface temperature and lead to floods and serious damage in the near future. On the other hand, overproduction of plastics by factories can lead to environmental pollution and the destruction of many food cycles on Earth. In this study, in order to sustainability integrate issues in supply chain network design decisions, a multiobjective optimization model is presented, which is a two-level routing location problem and optimizes economic and environmental goals. The first level is decisions related to the selection of operating facilities from a set of potential facilities (manufacturers and distribution centers), and the second level is related to determining the number of products from distribution centers to retailers and from manufacturers to distribution centers. The objective function is also of the minimization type, which is related to minimizing fixed and variable costs, and minimizing the environmental effects of the whole chain, which includes reducing the costs of greenhouse gas and carbon emissions.