Correlation between Population Structure and Regional Innovation Ability Based on Big Data Analysis

With the continuous advancement of the urbanization process, the scale of cities has expanded rapidly, and the amount of floating population has grown rapidly. Big data not only brings changes in thinking, technology, and management but also promotes the renewal and development of social governance concepts, technologies, methods, and models, which creates new opportunities for urban floating population governance innovation. City governments at all levels are facing enormous management pressure and urgently need to promote innovative reforms in the governance of urban floating population. The development of information technology has developed into the era of big data, and strong data collection and processing capabilities can greatly improve the scientific level of urban floating population management. In the research of spatial correlation of innovation ability, the research of domestic and foreign scholars has been very mature, and the methods used are more comprehensive, combining big data with urban floating population governance, placing urban floating population governance in the context of big data research and analysis, exploring the channels for the government to use big data to optimize urban floating population governance, and putting forward specific and feasible countermeasures and suggestions. After a series of tests, the double-fixed-effects spatial Dubin model is used to explore the influence of population structure on regional innovation ability from five aspects: population urban-rural structure, population industrial structure, population education structure, population age structure, and population density. The results show that the population structure of higher education has the most significant role in promoting regional innovation capability, followed by urban population, population density, and secondary industry population structure; the working-age population structure has no significant impact on regional innovation capability; provincial innovation capability has a significant effect positive spatial spillover effect.