Research on the Driven Path of Ambidextrous Innovation of Science and Technology Enterprises: An Exploration Based on Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis

Ambidextrous innovation is an essential way for enterprises to respond to environmental changes and create competitive advantage. This study constructs the “technology-organization-environment†(TOE) framework of enterprise ambidextrous innovation, aiming to explore the configuration effect of the linkage matching of technology, organization, and environment on enterprise ambidextrous innovation and the differentiated driving mode of enterprise ambidextrous innovation. In the study, the fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) is used to conduct an empirical study on the samples of 34 listed companies on the Science and Technology Innovation Board. The findings are as follows: (1) technical conditions (hardware facilities and software facilities), organizational conditions (human capital investment and R&D investment), and environmental conditions (market competition and government subsidies) are not necessary conditions for ambidextrous innovation individually; (2) there are three driven paths of ambidextrous innovation, namely, the technology-driven path under the pressure of market competition, the technology-promoted path under government support, and the resource-rich proactive change path. The conclusion has enlightening significance for guiding enterprises to attach importance to the technology and organizational conditions in the process of enterprise ambidextrous innovation.