Maximum Obtainable Energy Harvesting Power from Galloping-Based Piezoelectrics

In this paper, the maximum obtainable energy from a galloping cantilever beam is found. The system consists of a bluff body in front of wind which was mounted on a cantilever beam and supported by piezoelectric sheets. Wind energy caused the transverse vibration of the beam and the mechanical energy of vibration is transferred to electrical charge by use of piezoelectric transducer. The nonlinear motion of the Euler–Bernoulli beam and conservation of electrical energy is modeled by lumped ordinary differential equations. The wind forces on the bluff body are modeled by quasisteady aeroelasticity approximation where the fluid and solid corresponding dynamics are disconnected in time scales. The linearized motion of beam is limited by its yield stress which causes to find a limit on energy harvesting of the system. The theory founded is used to check the validity of previous results of researchers for the effect of wind speed, tip cross-section geometry, and electrical load resistance on onset speed to galloping, tip displacement, and harvested power. Finally, maximum obtainable average power in a standard RC circuit as a function of deflection limit and synchronized charge extraction is obtained.