Study on Hysteretic Fracture of Naturally Cracked Surrounding Rock

To determine the hysteretic fracture mechanism of the hard and naturally cracked surrounding rock mass, uniaxial and biaxial compression tests were performed on rhyolite specimens. In the biaxial compression test, displacements and strains around the U-shaped opening were monitored throughout to study the fracture pattern and distribution of stress. To compare with the experimental results, the finite difference code was used to simulate a perfectly intact rock model with the same geometric and mechanical conditions in a continuum model. Stress-strain curves under uniaxial compression and the surrounding rock stresses of numerical results were compared with laboratory test. On one hand, laboratory test and numerical results all showed that tensile fracture regions were found at the crown and floor of the opening while shear regions are found at the sidewall. On the other hand, due to microcracks in the laboratory specimen, the laboratory test showed lower ultimate compressive strength. However, its vertical displacement of initial fracture was larger than those of numerical model which did not consider about the microcracks. They revealed the hysteretic fracture behaviour of underground opening in hard and cracked rock.