Structural Parameters Optimization of the Steel Bar Straightening Machine Based on the PSO Algorithm

In the process of steel bar straightening processing, the straightening rollers are often damaged by fatigue due to uneven force, which causes frequent replacement of the straightening rollers. Therefore, the structural parameters optimization of the steel bar straightening machine is very important to improve the machining accuracy of the straightening machine and prolong the service life of straightening roller. In this paper, an optimization method based on the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm was proposed and used to optimize the structural parameters of the steel bar straightening machine. First, the main parameters that affect the accuracy of the straightening machine were comprehensively analysed, and the optimization range of each parameter was determined. Second, in order to minimize the fluctuation of the contact stress, the objective function was established by fitting the roller spacing, roller diameter, roller number, and so on. Then, the PSO algorithm was used to find the optimal solution of structural parameters. Finally, the proposed structural optimization method was verified in practice and compared with the single variable algorithm. As a result, the straightness of the steel bar is increased by 2.88%, and the total straightening force is reduced by 16.25%, compared with the single variable algorithm. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that the proposed optimization method based on the PSO algorithm is better than the single variable algorithm in optimizing the structural parameters of the steel bar straightening machine.