Boundary Layer Resolving Exact Difference Scheme for Solving Singularly Perturbed Convection-Diffusion-Reaction Equation

This paper considers the numerical treatment of singularly perturbed time-dependent convection-diffusion-reaction equation. The diffusion term of the equation is multiplied by a small perturbation parameter (ε), which takes an arbitrary value in the interval (0, 1]. For small values of ε, the solution of the equation exhibits an exponential boundary layer which makes it difficult to solve it analytically or using classical numerical methods. We proposed numerical schemes using the Crank–Nicolson method in time derivative discretization and the nonstandard finite difference method (exact finite difference method) in space derivative discretization on a uniform and piecewise uniform Shishkin mesh. The existence of unique discrete solutions and the stability of the schemes are discussed and proved. Uniform convergence of the schemes is proved. The formulated schemes converge uniformly with linear order of convergence. The method on Shishkin mesh possesses boundary layer resolving property. We validated the methods by considering two numerical examples for different values of ε and mesh length.