Research on Impact Mechanism of Demand Side of Urban Residents’ Electricity Consumption: Analysis Based on Microscopic Survey Data

With the further acceleration of urbanization in China, the proportions of both urban residents’ energy consumption and energy-consuming terminal electricity are showing an increasing trend at the same time. In view of the dynamic and time-varying complex system characteristics of power system, it is of great significance to study the impact mechanism of urbanization residents’ electricity consumption on the realization of demand-side management (DSM) and environmental protection. Based on the one-year follow-up survey data obtained from household meter reading, this paper studies the impact mechanism of urban residents’ electricity consumption in different seasons (summer, winter, and the whole year) and terminals (with and without air-conditioning and full samples) by descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression model. The results show that, on the whole, electricity is a necessity for urban households and does not change significantly with changes in income. At the turn of summer and autumn and the turn of winter and spring, high-income families tend to use higher levels of energy in pursuit of comfort, while low- and middle-income families do not have luxury consumption. In different seasons, the influence mechanism of household electricity consumption at different terminals is different.