A Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Method Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition and Information Geometry in Complex Electromagnetic Environment

In a complex electromagnetic environment, there are cases where the noise is uncertain and difficult to estimate, which poses a great challenge to spectrum sensing systems. This paper proposes a cooperative spectrum sensing method based on empirical mode decomposition and information geometry. The method mainly includes two modules, a signal feature extraction module and a spectrum sensing module based on K-medoids. In the signal feature extraction module, firstly, the empirical modal decomposition algorithm is used to denoise the signals collected by the secondary users, so as to reduce the influence of the noise on the subsequent spectrum sensing process. Further, the spectrum sensing problem is considered as a signal detection problem. To analyze the problem more intuitively and simply, the signal after empirical mode decomposition is mapped into the statistical manifold by using the information geometry theory, so that the signal detection problem is transformed into geometric problems. Then, the corresponding geometric tools are used to extract signal features as statistical features. In the spectrum sensing module, the K-medoids clustering algorithm is used for training. A classifier can be obtained after a successful training, thereby avoiding the complex threshold derivation in traditional spectrum sensing methods. In the experimental part, we verified the proposed method and analyzed the experimental results, which show that the proposed method can improve the spectrum sensing performance.