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Speciation of Metals and Assessment of Contamination in Surface Sediments from Daya Bay, South China Sea

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  • Jie Yang

    (School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Geology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resource Exploration, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    South China Sea Marine Environment Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510915, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Linglong Cao

    (School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Geology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resource Exploration, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
    South China Sea Marine Engineering and Environment Institute, State Oceanic Administration People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510300, China
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Jianhua Wang

    (School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Geology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resource Exploration, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

  • Chunlian Liu

    (School of Earth Sciences and Engineering Geology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resource Exploration, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China)

  • Chuguang Huang

    (South China Sea Marine Environment Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510915, China)

  • Weixu Cai

    (South China Sea Marine Environment Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510915, China)

  • Hongda Fang

    (South China Sea Marine Environment Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510915, China)

  • Xiaojuan Peng

    (South China Sea Marine Environment Monitoring Center, State Oceanic Administration People's Republic of China, Guangzhou 510915, China)

Abstract

The contents, speciation, source factors and potential ecological risks of the selected metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and As) were analyzed in surface sediments from Daya Bay (DYB). The results show that, with the exception of Pb, metal concentrations have decreased at all sites over the past decade. The distribution features of these concentrations represent a ring shape that descends from shore to bay by varying degrees. Speciation analysis showed that Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn and As exist mainly in the residual fraction and, thus, are of low bioavailability, while Cd and Pb were found to be abundant in the non-residual fraction and, thus, have high potential mobility. The ratio of heavy metals in non-residual form in descending order is Pb (78.83%), Cd (78.65%), Cu (48.54%), Zn (48.10%), Ni (38.31%), Cr (28.43%) and As (27.76%). The ratio of Pb content is the highest, meaning the highest mobility of Pb. The metals’ potential ecological risks to the environment were also assessed using the methods of the mean effect range-median quotient and the criteria of risk assessment code. The results showed that Cd presents the highest risk, and Pb and Cu are generally considered to be medium risks in the sub-basins of Daya Bay. The principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that natural coastal weathering and erosion of rock caused the highest input, followed by mariculture and industrial wastewater and, finally, domestic sewage discharge.

Suggested Citation

  • Jie Yang & Linglong Cao & Jianhua Wang & Chunlian Liu & Chuguang Huang & Weixu Cai & Hongda Fang & Xiaojuan Peng, 2014. "Speciation of Metals and Assessment of Contamination in Surface Sediments from Daya Bay, South China Sea," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 6(12), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:6:y:2014:i:12:p:9096-9113:d:43261
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Asma Shaheen & Javed Iqbal, 2018. "Spatial Distribution and Mobility Assessment of Carcinogenic Heavy Metals in Soil Profiles Using Geostatistics and Random Forest, Boruta Algorithm," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-20, March.
    2. Linglong Cao & Haitiao Tian & Jie Yang & Ping Shi & Quansheng Lou & Lali Waxi & Zhixin Ni & Xiaojuan Peng, 2015. "Multivariate Analyses and Evaluation of Heavy Metals by Chemometric BCR Sequential Extraction Method in Surface Sediments from Lingdingyang Bay, South China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(5), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Wei Tao & Haidong Li & Xiaojuan Peng & Wanping Zhang & Quansheng Lou & Jian Gong & Jianjun Ye, 2021. "Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Seawater and Sediments from Daya Bay (South China): Environmental Fates, Source Apportionment and Ecological Risks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-16, September.

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