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Evaluation of Sanitary and Environmental Impact of Plant Protection Practices in Vineyards of Southwestern France: Organic and Conventional/Integrated Agriculture

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  • Chaima Grimene

    (CIHEAM-IAMM Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Montpellier, 3191 Route de Mende, Cedex 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
    Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 University (UPVM), Route de Mende, Cedex 5, 34199 Montpellier, France
    LAGAM, Laboratory for Geography and Territorial Planning in Montpellier, Paul Valéry Montpellier University (UPVM), Site Saint Charles, Rue du Professeur Henri Serre, 34090 Montpellier, France)

  • Oussama Mghirbi

    (UniLaSalle Polytechnic Institute—Beauvais Campus, InTerACT (UP 2018.C102), 19 Rue Pierre Waguet—BP 30313, Cedex, 60026 Beauvais, France)

  • Philippe Le Grusse

    (CIHEAM-IAMM Mediterranean Agronomic Institute of Montpellier, 3191 Route de Mende, Cedex 5, 34093 Montpellier, France
    LAGAM, Laboratory for Geography and Territorial Planning in Montpellier, Paul Valéry Montpellier University (UPVM), Site Saint Charles, Rue du Professeur Henri Serre, 34090 Montpellier, France)

  • Jean-Paul Bord

    (Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 University (UPVM), Route de Mende, Cedex 5, 34199 Montpellier, France
    LAGAM, Laboratory for Geography and Territorial Planning in Montpellier, Paul Valéry Montpellier University (UPVM), Site Saint Charles, Rue du Professeur Henri Serre, 34090 Montpellier, France)

Abstract

The French wine industry is spread across the country and represents 789,000 ha (2023). Over 20% of the plant protection products (PPPs) sold in France are used in viticulture on less than 4% of the French UAA (Utilized Agricultural Area). The share of wine estates with organic farming certification has risen sharply, reaching 9% of French vineyards in 2016. The position occupied by the wine sector on both the national and international scale confirms the need to examine the impacts of different management practices in viticulture on human health and the environment. This study presents an approach to the assessment of plant protection practices in vineyards based on indicators of plant protection pressure and risk. It was carried out on wine-growing farms in the southwest of France, surveyed according to the two farming systems: conventional/integrated and organic. The main objective of this study was to compare the health and environmental impact of the PPPs used in these two farming systems. The impact assessment result of wine-growing plant protection practices shows that some pesticides and molecules used in organic farming, especially those based on copper and sulfur, are more harmful than products used in conventional/integrated farming, in particular to the environment. For this reason, all stakeholders involved in pesticide management should recognize the health and environmental impact of PPPs in order to reduce and to control their toxicity risks to public health and the natural environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Chaima Grimene & Oussama Mghirbi & Philippe Le Grusse & Jean-Paul Bord, 2025. "Evaluation of Sanitary and Environmental Impact of Plant Protection Practices in Vineyards of Southwestern France: Organic and Conventional/Integrated Agriculture," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-25, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2025:i:2:p:583-:d:1566233
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Vassilis Litskas & Athanasia Mandoulaki & Ioannis N. Vogiatzakis & Nikolaos Tzortzakis & Menelaos Stavrinides, 2020. "Sustainable Viticulture: First Determination of the Environmental Footprint of Grapes," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-18, October.
    2. Andrew R Kniss & Carl W Coburn, 2015. "Quantitative Evaluation of the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) for Comparing Herbicides," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-13, June.
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