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How Does the Urban Built Environment Affect the Accessibility of Public Electric-Vehicle Charging Stations? A Perspective on Spatial Heterogeneity and a Non-Linear Relationship

Author

Listed:
  • Jie Sheng

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China)

  • Zhenhai Xiang

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China)

  • Pengfei Ban

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China)

  • Chuang Bao

    (School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China)

Abstract

The deployment of electric vehicle charging stations (EVCSs) is crucial for the large-scale adoption of electric vehicles and the sustainable energy development of global cities. However, existing research on the spatial distribution of EVCSs has provided limited analysis of spatial equity from the perspective of supply–demand relationships. Furthermore, studies examining the influence of the built environment on EVCS accessibility are scarce, and often rely on single methods and perspectives. To explore the spatial characteristics of EVCS accessibility and its influencing factors, using multi-source urban spatial data, this study initially employs the Gaussian two-step floating catchment area (G2SFCA) method to measure and analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of EVCS accessibility in Guangzhou, China, with consideration of supply–demand relationships. Subsequently, it integrates the MGWR and random forest (RF) models to comprehensively investigate the impact mechanism of the built environment on EVCS accessibility from the perspectives of spatial heterogeneity and non-linear relationship. The results show that the EVCS accessibility exhibits a “ higher in the west and lower in the east, with extreme core concentration” distribution pattern, and has significant spatial autocorrelation. The built-environment variables exhibit different scale effects and spatial non-stationarity, with widespread non-linear effects. Among them, the auto service, distance to regional center, and distance to subway station play important roles in influencing EVCS accessibility. These findings offer important guidance for the efficient and equitable layout of EVCSs in high-density cities.

Suggested Citation

  • Jie Sheng & Zhenhai Xiang & Pengfei Ban & Chuang Bao, 2024. "How Does the Urban Built Environment Affect the Accessibility of Public Electric-Vehicle Charging Stations? A Perspective on Spatial Heterogeneity and a Non-Linear Relationship," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-24, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:17:y:2024:i:1:p:86-:d:1553896
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Algafri, Mohammed & Alghazi, Anas & Almoghathawi, Yasser & Saleh, Haitham & Al-Shareef, Khaled, 2024. "Smart City Charging Station allocation for electric vehicles using analytic hierarchy process and multiobjective goal-programming," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 372(C).
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    3. Kelobonye, Keone & McCarney, Gary & Xia, Jianhong (Cecilia) & Swapan, Mohammad Shahidul Hasan & Mao, Feng & Zhou, Heng, 2019. "Relative accessibility analysis for key land uses: A spatial equity perspective," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 75(C), pages 82-93.
    4. A. Stewart Fotheringham & Wenbai Yang & Wei Kang, 2017. "Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR)," Annals of the American Association of Geographers, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 107(6), pages 1247-1265, November.
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