Evaluation of Geoenvironment Carrying Capacity in Mineral Resource-Based Cities from the Perspective of Sustainable Development

The exploitation of natural resources and the degradation of the geological environment pose dual challenges for mineral resource-based cities amidst rapid economic development and urbanization. Evaluating geoenvironmental carrying capacity is essential in measuring the harmony between human activities and the geological environment. Unfortunately, current evaluation methods do not adequately capture the intricate interplay of multiple factors, hindering a comprehensive understanding of this concept in mineral resource cities. To address this gap, this study integrates the DPSR model into the assessment of geoenvironmental carrying capacity, aligning with the characteristics and sustainable development objectives of these cities. By employing catastrophe theory, entropy method, and analytic hierarchy process, a robust evaluation index system specific to mineral resource cities is established. Using Fushun City in Liaoning Province, China, as a case study, the analysis reveals consistently high comprehensive evaluation values over the past five years, reflecting the city’s actual environmental status. The research highlights enhancing the response layer as a key strategy to boost regional geoenvironmental carrying capacity. These results offer valuable insights for the planning of mineral resource cities, fostering regional sustainable development, and promoting geological environmental protection.