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Influence of Government Effectiveness, Health Expenditure, and Sustainable Development Goals on Life Expectancy: Evidence from Time Series Data

Author

Listed:
  • Kamal Khan

    (Department of Applied Health Sciences, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Zeeshan

    (Department of Management Sciences, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan)

  • Abdul Moiz

    (Department of Applied Health Sciences, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan)

  • Raisa Bano

    (Department of Public Health and Informatics, Women University, Swabi 23430, Pakistan)

  • Mohammad Haroon Khan

    (Department of Applied Health Sciences, City University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan)

  • Sadique Ahmad

    (EIAS Data Science Lab, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia)

  • Yasir Javed

    (EIAS Data Science Lab, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia)

  • Mohammed ElAffendi

    (EIAS Data Science Lab, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia)

  • Abdelhamied A. Ateya

    (EIAS Data Science Lab, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Prince Sultan University, Riyadh 11586, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

This study investigates the influence of government effectiveness, health expenditure, and sustainable development goals (SDGs) on life expectancy in Pakistan. To accomplish this, a systematic analysis was conducted on time series data spanning from 2000 to 2020. Cointegration analysis was utilized to evaluate the long-term integration of all variables, while a comprehensive causality test was performed to investigate the short-term links among government effectiveness, health expenditure, SDGs, and life expectancy. The findings of the Johansen Cointegration test definitively confirmed the presence of long-term cointegration among all variables. In addition, the results of the Granger causality test show that there is a one-way causal relationship between government performance, health spending, and SDGs to life expectancy in the short term. The validation of both enduring and immediate connections among these factors emphasizes the crucial significance of healthcare services in Pakistan. Therefore, it is important to push for more healthcare investments and increased national budget allocations by the Pakistani government. Prioritizing the allocation of resources towards healthcare, bolstering the efficiency of the administration, and attaining SDG targets are all crucial for enhancing life expectancy in Pakistan. The study’s results also carry significant policy implications, underscoring the necessity of strategically implementing health expenditure and SDG targets to enhance human capital and population well-being, as demonstrated by the increased life expectancy.

Suggested Citation

  • Kamal Khan & Muhammad Zeeshan & Abdul Moiz & Raisa Bano & Mohammad Haroon Khan & Sadique Ahmad & Yasir Javed & Mohammed ElAffendi & Abdelhamied A. Ateya, 2024. "Influence of Government Effectiveness, Health Expenditure, and Sustainable Development Goals on Life Expectancy: Evidence from Time Series Data," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(14), pages 1-16, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:14:p:6128-:d:1437464
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Niels Lind, 2021. "Objective Inequality Indexes Joining Income with Life Expectancy Through the Life Quality Index of Sub-populations," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 153(3), pages 781-794, February.
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