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Peak Load Shaving of Air Conditioning Loads via Rooftop Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems: A Case Study

Author

Listed:
  • Reza Bakhshi-Jafarabadi

    (Faculty of EEMCS, Delft University of Technology, Mekelweg 4, 2628CD Delft, The Netherlands
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

  • Seyed Mahdi Seyed Mousavi

    (Department of Mechanical Engineering, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad P.O. Box 91735-413, Iran
    These authors contributed equally to this work.)

Abstract

Over the past few decades, grid-connected photovoltaic systems (GCPVSs) have been consistently installed due to their techno-socio-economic-environmental advantages. As an effective solution, this technology can shave air conditioning-based peak loads on summer days at noon in hot areas. This paper assesses the effect of solely rooftop GCPVS installations on the peak load shaving of commercial buildings in arid regions, e.g., the Middle East and North Africa. To this end, the load profile of a large building with 470 kW of unshaved peak power in Mashhad, Iran (36.2972° N, 59.6067° E) is analyzed after commissioning an actual 51 kW GCPVS. The results of this experimental study, exploiting 15 min resolution data over a year, endorse an effective peak shaving of the GCPVS without employing a battery energy storage system, with 12.2–18.5% peak power shaving on a summer day at noon. The monthly GCPVS self-sufficiency is also 10.2%, on average. In accordance with the studied case’s results, this paper presents valuable insights and recommends actionable policies to regions with similar solar potential and electricity supply challenges, aiming to expedite GCPVS development.

Suggested Citation

  • Reza Bakhshi-Jafarabadi & Seyed Mahdi Seyed Mousavi, 2024. "Peak Load Shaving of Air Conditioning Loads via Rooftop Grid-Connected Photovoltaic Systems: A Case Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-13, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:13:p:5640-:d:1426860
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Schram, Wouter L. & Lampropoulos, Ioannis & van Sark, Wilfried G.J.H.M., 2018. "Photovoltaic systems coupled with batteries that are optimally sized for household self-consumption: Assessment of peak shaving potential," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 223(C), pages 69-81.
    2. Bonginkosi A. Thango & Pitshou N. Bokoro, 2022. "Battery Energy Storage for Photovoltaic Application in South Africa: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-21, August.
    3. de Oliveira e Silva, Guilherme & Hendrick, Patrick, 2017. "Photovoltaic self-sufficiency of Belgian households using lithium-ion batteries, and its impact on the grid," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 195(C), pages 786-799.
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