IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v16y2024i11p4799-d1408904.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Assessing the Impact of Urban Expansion on the Urban Environment in Riyadh City (2000–2022) Using Geospatial Techniques

Author

Listed:
  • Shaykhah Mohammed Alajizah

    (Department of Geography, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11411, Saudi Arabia)

  • Hamad Ahmed Altuwaijri

    (Department of Geography, College of Humanities and Social Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11411, Saudi Arabia)

Abstract

The assessment of the urban environment is a crucial area of interest for the international community, particularly for the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Achieving environmental sustainability is among the goals of Saudi Vision 2030. Riyadh has recently witnessed urban expansion due to population growth, which can cause negative environmental effects unless this growth is accompanied by the development of appropriate environmental regulations and controls. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the city of Riyadh’s urban environment and its relationship to urban expansion over time. The Thermal Environmental Index (TEI), consisting of five indicators (vegetation index, urban index, moisture index, dry index, and temperature index) was constructed utilizing geospatial techniques. Pearson’s correlation analysis was performed to determine the relationship between urban expansion and urban environmental conditions. The main results show that the size of Riyadh’s urban clusters doubled by 2022, increasing by 106% compared to in 2000. The results also show that, in 2000, 2013, and 2022, areas of poor environmental conditions were mainly distributed in urban areas, whereas areas with excellent and good environmental conditions were located outside of urban areas in the northern and western parts of Riyadh. Areas with good environmental conditions continued to decline, whereas areas poor environmental conditions increased from 4%, or 240 km 2 , in 2000 to 11% in 2022, reaching 658 km 2 . The correlation analysis clearly showed a very strong relationship between urban expansion and the deterioration in urban environmental conditions.

Suggested Citation

  • Shaykhah Mohammed Alajizah & Hamad Ahmed Altuwaijri, 2024. "Assessing the Impact of Urban Expansion on the Urban Environment in Riyadh City (2000–2022) Using Geospatial Techniques," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-18, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:11:p:4799-:d:1408904
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/11/4799/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/16/11/4799/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Huan Zhang, 2021. "The Impact of Urban Sprawl on Environmental Pollution: Empirical Analysis from Large and Medium-Sized Cities of China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(16), pages 1-19, August.
    2. Li-Yan Wang & Yi Xiao & En-Ming Rao & Ling Jiang & Yang Xiao & Zhi-Yun Ouyang, 2018. "An Assessment of the Impact of Urbanization on Soil Erosion in Inner Mongolia," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-13, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xiaochang Yang & Sinan Li & Congmou Zhu & Baiyu Dong & Hongwei Xu, 2021. "Simulating Urban Expansion Based on Ecological Security Pattern—A Case Study of Hangzhou, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-20, December.
    2. Junjie Cao & Yao Zhang & Taoyuan Wei & Hui Sun, 2021. "Temporal–Spatial Evolution and Influencing Factors of Coordinated Development of the Population, Resources, Economy and Environment (PREE) System: Evidence from 31 Provinces in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(24), pages 1-22, December.
    3. Khaled Ali Abuhasel, 2023. "Assessing Public Service Distribution in Abha and Bisha Cities, Saudi Arabia: A Comparative Study," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-15, June.
    4. Rashid Latief & Usman Sattar & Sohail Ahmad Javeed & Ammar Ali Gull & Yingshun Pei, 2022. "The Environmental Effects of Urbanization, Education, and Green Innovation in the Union for Mediterranean Countries: Evidence from Quantile Regression Model," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-17, July.
    5. Xinchun Liu & Yongde Kang & Hongna Chen & Hui Lu, 2021. "Application of a High-Precision Aeolian Sand Collector in Field Wind and Sand Surveys," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-19, July.
    6. Mustafa Nur Istanbuly & Josef Krása & Bahman Jabbarian Amiri, 2022. "How Socio-Economic Drivers Explain Landscape Soil Erosion Regulation Services in Polish Catchments," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-13, February.
    7. Naledzani Mudau & Paidamwoyo Mhangara, 2023. "Assessment of the Ecological Condition of Informal Settlements Using the Settlement Surface Ecological Index," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-20, August.
    8. Lei Jiang & Yuan Chen & Hui Zha & Bo Zhang & Yuanzheng Cui, 2022. "Quantifying the Impact of Urban Sprawl on Green Total Factor Productivity in China: Based on Satellite Observation Data and Spatial Econometric Models," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-17, November.
    9. Aazim Yousuf & Shakil Ahmad Romshoo, 2022. "Impact of Land System Changes and Extreme Precipitation on Peak Flood Discharge and Sediment Yield in the Upper Jhelum Basin, Kashmir Himalaya," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-18, October.
    10. Zhuoli Zhou & Zhuodong Zhang & Wenbo Zhang & Jianyong Luo & Keli Zhang & Zihao Cao & Zhiqiang Wang, 2022. "The Impact of Residences and Roads on Wind Erosion in a Temperate Grassland Ecosystem: A Spatially Oriented Perspective," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(1), pages 1-15, December.
    11. Xiamei Yao & Yuanyuan Chen & Qingyi Zhang & Zhongqiong Mou & Xiaojie Yao & Chun Ou, 2022. "Assessment of the Urban Expansion and Its Impact on the Eco-Environment—A Case Study of Hefei Municipal Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-19, August.
    12. Li Yue & Dan Xue & Muhammad Umar Draz & Fayyaz Ahmad & Jiaojiao Li & Farrukh Shahzad & Shahid Ali, 2020. "The Double-Edged Sword of Urbanization and Its Nexus with Eco-Efficiency in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-20, January.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:16:y:2024:i:11:p:4799-:d:1408904. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.