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Response of Growth-Related Traits of Submerged Macrophytes to Light Reduction: A Meta-Analysis

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  • Jing Gao

    (Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China
    Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center (Shanghai), China Three Gorges Corporation, Shanghai 200335, China
    Northeast Asia Ecosystem Carbon Sink Research Center (NACC), Center for Ecological Research, Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China)

  • Wei Hu

    (Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China
    Yangtze Eco-Environment Engineering Research Center (Shanghai), China Three Gorges Corporation, Shanghai 200335, China)

  • Jiawei Wang

    (Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China)

  • Yichong Cui

    (Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China)

  • Liuxin Li

    (Shanghai Investigation, Design & Research Institute Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200335, China)

Abstract

Underwater light reduction is presumably becoming more frequent and intensified due to eutrophication and algal blooms, which may significantly affect submerged macrophytes’ growth. However, a comprehensive understanding of how light reduction influences growth-related traits and responses is currently lacking. Here, we compiled data from 333 records of 62 published works that used controlled experiments to explore the responses of functional traits associated with growth to light reduction. Our results indicated that light reduction significantly decreased the relative growth rate (RGR), ramet number (RM), shoot biomass (SB), root biomass (RB), soluble carbohydrates (SC), and leaf number (LN) by 38.2%, 60.0%, 59.2%, 55.4%, 30.0%, and 56.1%, respectively, but elevated the chlorophyll content (Chl) by 25.8%. Meanwhile, the responses of RGR to light reduction increased significantly with the responses of RM, SB, RB, and root-to-shoot ratio (R/S). Considering the relationships among the growth-related traits, we further found that the responses of RGR to light reduction were mainly driven by the RM rather than leaf photosynthetic capability, indicating the importance of tiller ability under low light stress. We also identified a tipping point of the response of RGR to light reduction, which might be incorporated into hydrophyte dynamic models to improve precision. Our results highlight the importance of growth-related traits, andthese traits may need to be incorporated into models to improve the prediction of distribution and area for submerged species or to provide guidance for the restoration and sustainable development of aquatic ecosystems.

Suggested Citation

  • Jing Gao & Wei Hu & Jiawei Wang & Yichong Cui & Liuxin Li, 2023. "Response of Growth-Related Traits of Submerged Macrophytes to Light Reduction: A Meta-Analysis," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-19, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:7:p:5918-:d:1110383
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gao, Hailong & Shi, Qianyun & Qian, Xin, 2017. "A multi-species modelling approach to select appropriate submerged macrophyte species for ecological restoration in Gonghu Bay, Lake Taihu, China," Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 360(C), pages 179-188.
    2. Viechtbauer, Wolfgang, 2010. "Conducting Meta-Analyses in R with the metafor Package," Journal of Statistical Software, Foundation for Open Access Statistics, vol. 36(i03).
    3. Jessica Gurevitch & Julia Koricheva & Shinichi Nakagawa & Gavin Stewart, 2018. "Meta-analysis and the science of research synthesis," Nature, Nature, vol. 555(7695), pages 175-182, March.
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