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Effects of Formula Fertilizer and Biochar on Cadmium and Plumbum Absorption in Maize ( Zea mays L.)

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  • Zhongwen Ma

    (Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China)

  • Ronghao Tao

    (Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China)

  • Jingyi Hu

    (Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China)

  • Chi Cao

    (Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China)

  • Zhaoyun Hu

    (Tongling Yi’an District Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Tongling 244100, China)

  • Yong Chen

    (CNSIG Anhui Hongsifang Fertilizer Co., Ltd., Hefei 231602, China)

  • Hongxiang Hu

    (Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China)

  • Youhua Ma

    (Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China)

Abstract

Effective, economical and feasible remediation technology of heavy metal pollution in farmland is an important research concentration in the field of farmland soil remediation. In order to investigate the remediation effects of formula fertilizer and biochar on cadmium (Cd)–plumbum (Pb) contaminated farmland, blank (CK), lime (SH), biochar (SWT), formula fertilizer (FL), and biochar + formula fertilizer (FS) were set up in Cd–Pb contaminated farmland. The results demonstrated the following: (1) Compared with CK, SWT and FS increased the yield by 11.21% and 15.00%, respectively, which was significantly higher than other treatments. (2) The concentrations of Cd and Pb in maize kernels under all treatments were lower than the limited value stipulated by GB 2762-2022 in China. Compared with CK, FS reduced the concentration of Cd and Pb in maize kernels by 24.96% and 31.46%, respectively, which were the most significant. All the treatments can reduce the concentrations of Cd and Pb in maize cob and straw and inhibit the transfer of Cd and Pb from the lower part of the maize field to the overground part. (3) FL, SWT, and FS increased soil pH by 0.17, 0.10, and 0.19 units, respectively. FS can reduce the concentrations of available cadmium (DTPA-Cd) and available lead (DTPA-Pb) significantly, which are 31.05% and 38.57% lower than CK, respectively. (4) Each treatment can reduce the extraction state and reducible state of weak acid Cd and Pb in soil, while increasing the proportion of oxidizable state and residual state. FL and FS significantly increased the percentage of residual Cd and Pb by 18.00% and 24.32%, respectively, and 33.33% and 37.76%, respectively. (5) FL (1.747) and FS (1.679) were relatively higher than CK in input/output. In conclusion, the combined application of biochar and formula fertilizer in Cd/Pb polluted farmland can effectively reduce the concentration of Cd and Pb in maize and has high economic benefits and practicability.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhongwen Ma & Ronghao Tao & Jingyi Hu & Chi Cao & Zhaoyun Hu & Yong Chen & Hongxiang Hu & Youhua Ma, 2023. "Effects of Formula Fertilizer and Biochar on Cadmium and Plumbum Absorption in Maize ( Zea mays L.)," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(6), pages 1-15, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:6:p:4696-:d:1089519
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Qi Deng & Hui Wu & Yunni Xia & Bao Wang & Naiming Zhang & Lin Che & Yunsheng Xia & Xianrong Yue, 2023. "Adaptability of Koenigia mollis to an Acid Tin Mine Wasteland in Lianghe County in Yunnan Province," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-12, June.
    2. Xiaoxian Yuan & Qiang Wang & Zhipu Wang & Sikai Wu & Yawei Zhai & Haibing Zhang & Lisong Zhou & Bei Lu & Kefan Chen & Xinwei Wang, 2023. "Optimization of Mixed-Based Biochar Preparation Process and Adsorption Performance of Lead and Cadmium," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-13, July.

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