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The Application of Circular Footprint Formula in Bioenergy/Bioeconomy: Challenges, Case Study, and Comparison with Life Cycle Assessment Allocation Methods

Author

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  • Antonio Carlos Farrapo

    (Research Group on Sustainability Engineering (EngS Group), Department of Production Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba 18052-780, Brazil)

  • Thiago Teixeira Matheus

    (Research Group on Sustainability Engineering (EngS Group), Department of Production Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba 18052-780, Brazil)

  • Ricardo Musule Lagunes

    (Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Veracruzana, Coatzacoalcos 96538, Mexico)

  • Remo Filleti

    (Research Nucleus for Energy, Materials, and Sustainability (NUPEMAS), Post-Graduate Program in Production Engineering (PPGEP), Methodist University of Piracicaba (UNIMEP), Piracicaba 13423-170, Brazil)

  • Fabio Yamaji

    (Biomass and Bioenergy Research Group, Department of Environmental Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba 18052-780, Brazil)

  • Diogo Aparecido Lopes Silva

    (Research Group on Sustainability Engineering (EngS Group), Department of Production Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba 18052-780, Brazil)

Abstract

Allocation methodological choices in Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is a relevant issue for the Circular Bioeconomy context. The recent Product Environmental Footprint Guide from the European Commission includes the Circular Footprint Formula (CFF) as a new way to deal with energy recovery/recycling processes. This paper investigated CFF vs. other different LCA allocation methods in Brazilian briquette production. A cradle-to-gate LCA study was conducted considering 1 MJ of energy from recovered and dedicated Eucalyptus briquette production. Global Warming Potential (GWP) and Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) were selected as the impact categories to evaluate the allocation methods choice that influences the potential impacts. LCA results were compared regarding four allocation methods. Eucalyptus wood as a biomass supply scenario achieved impact results up to 4.3 kg CO 2 -eq. for GWP and 0.0272 MJ-eq. for CED. The recovery wood scenario presented LCA burdens reduction by up to 206% for GWP, however a 492% increase in the CED results. CFF provided the lowest results for both impact categories. However, the CFF method still doesn’t address particular aspects of circular bioenergy systems. Biomass and bioenergy LCA require further adjustments focusing on biochemical flows in the CFF calculation procedure to lead the development of innovative circular business models.

Suggested Citation

  • Antonio Carlos Farrapo & Thiago Teixeira Matheus & Ricardo Musule Lagunes & Remo Filleti & Fabio Yamaji & Diogo Aparecido Lopes Silva, 2023. "The Application of Circular Footprint Formula in Bioenergy/Bioeconomy: Challenges, Case Study, and Comparison with Life Cycle Assessment Allocation Methods," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(3), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:3:p:2339-:d:1048486
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Xinyu Liu & Bhavik R. Bakshi, 2019. "Ecosystem Services in Life Cycle Assessment while Encouraging Techno‐Ecological Synergies," Journal of Industrial Ecology, Yale University, vol. 23(2), pages 347-360, April.
    2. Koytsoumpa, E.I. & Magiri – Skouloudi, D. & Karellas, S. & Kakaras, E., 2021. "Bioenergy with carbon capture and utilization: A review on the potential deployment towards a European circular bioeconomy," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Joanna Kulczycka & Anna Lewandowska & Katarzyna Joachimiak-Lechman & Przemysław Kurczewski, 2024. "The Circularity of Materials from the Perspective of a Product Life Cycle: A Life Cycle Assessment Case Study of Secondary Fence Boards—Part 1 (Baseline Scenario)," Resources, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-15, April.

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