IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i24p16782-d1299104.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Investigating On-Site Energy Consumption Patterns Using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Geographic Information System (GIS) Techniques

Author

Listed:
  • Haris Abdullah

    (Field Wing of Punjab Agricultural Department, Agriculture House, Lahore 05467, Pakistan)

  • Hafiz Umar Farid

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Maira Naeem

    (Field Wing of Punjab Agricultural Department, Agriculture House, Lahore 05467, Pakistan)

  • Nadeem Zubair

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Zahid Mahmood Khan

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Huzaifa Shahzad

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Pervaiz Sikandar

    (Field Wing of Punjab Agricultural Department, Agriculture House, Lahore 05467, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Abrar

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Aamir Shakoor

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Mubeen

    (Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan)

Abstract

In recent decades, the fortunes of energy economies have been closely linked in Pakistan. A major energy inefficiency issue was found in Pakistan due to the mismatch between horsepower (HP) requirements and bore depth. Keeping this in view, a total of 194 tubewells were chosen for an energy audit in the Multan region, Pakistan. The Terrameter SAS 4000 was used to measure the accurate demand of the head during the resistivity surveys at all of the selected locations. The results showed that the tubewell sets were installed arbitrarily at high power, irrespective of the provided flow and head, and these pumps used more energy for their flow. The results revealed that the efficiency of the tubewell sets increased from 35 to 54%, from 55 to 80%, from 49 to 80%, and from 48 to 75% for centrifugal pumps with electric motors and diesel engines and for turbines with electric motors and diesel engines, respectively. A weighted overlay analysis indicated that the efficiency of tubewells covering 838.12, 1131.8, and 2077.1 km 2 for centrifugal pumps with electric motors, diesel engines, and turbines, respectively, was enhanced for the study area. Similarly, the energy saved for the study area covered 1423.8, 1161.1, and 1131.1 km 2 , as shown by the overlay analysis. The results revealed that the annual energy saving was found of 3486 kw for 194 tubewells, resulted in the saving of USD 0.204 million in operational costs over one year. The overall results indicate the strong need to adopt proper investigations of the head and power requirements before installing a system in the study area.

Suggested Citation

  • Haris Abdullah & Hafiz Umar Farid & Maira Naeem & Nadeem Zubair & Zahid Mahmood Khan & Huzaifa Shahzad & Pervaiz Sikandar & Muhammad Abrar & Aamir Shakoor & Muhammad Mubeen, 2023. "Investigating On-Site Energy Consumption Patterns Using Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and Geographic Information System (GIS) Techniques," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:24:p:16782-:d:1299104
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/24/16782/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/24/16782/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hagos, Fitsum & Makombe, Godswill & Namara, Regassa & Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele, 2008. "Importance of irrigated agriculture to the Ethiopian economy: capturing the direct net benefits of irrigation," IWMI Conference Proceedings 246409, International Water Management Institute.
    2. Dianxi Zhang & Muhammad Safdar Sial & Naveed Ahmad & António José Filipe & Phung Anh Thu & Malik Zia-Ud-Din & António Bento Caleiro, 2020. "Water Scarcity and Sustainability in an Emerging Economy: A Management Perspective for Future," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hagos, Fitsum & Makombe, Godswill & Namara, Regassa & Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele, 2008. "Importance of irrigated agriculture to the Ethiopian economy: capturing the direct net benefits of irrigation," IWMI Conference Proceedings 246409, International Water Management Institute.
    2. Asres, Sisay B., 2016. "Evaluating and enhancing irrigation water management in the upper Blue Nile basin, Ethiopia: The case of Koga large scale irrigation scheme," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 170(C), pages 26-35.
    3. Musa Manga & Christian Aragón-Briceño & Panagiotis Boutikos & Swaib Semiyaga & Omotunde Olabinjo & Chimdi C. Muoghalu, 2023. "Biochar and Its Potential Application for the Improvement of the Anaerobic Digestion Process: A Critical Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-23, May.
    4. Amjath-Babu, T.S. & Krupnik, Timothy J. & Kaechele, Harald & Aravindakshan, Sreejith & Sietz, Diana, 2016. "Transitioning to groundwater irrigated intensified agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa: An indicator based assessment," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 125-135.
    5. Godswill, M. & Namara, Regassa & Hagos, Fitsum & Awulachew, Seleshi Bekele & Ayana, M. & Awulachew Bossio, Deborah, 2011. "A comparative analysis of the technical efficiency of rain-fed and smallholder irrigation in Ethiopia," IWMI Working Papers H044123, International Water Management Institute.
    6. Cengiz Koç & Yıldırım Bayazıt & Selami Yurdan Özgül, 2023. "Impact of tourists on urban water needs in Marmaris, Türkiye," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 25(8), pages 8837-8855, August.
    7. U. Chipfupa & E. Wale, 2020. "Linking earned income, psychological capital and social grant dependency: empirical evidence from rural KwaZulu-Natal (South Africa) and implications for policy," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 9(1), pages 1-18, December.
    8. Welde, Kidane & Gebremariam, Hintsa Libsekal, 2016. "Effect of different furrow and plant spacing on yield and water use efficiency of maize," Agricultural Water Management, Elsevier, vol. 177(C), pages 215-220.
    9. Bachewe, Fantu Nisrane & Berhane, Guush & Minten, Bart & Taffesse, Alemayehu Seyoum, 2015. "Agricultural growth in Ethiopia (2004-2014): Evidence and drivers:," ESSP working papers 81, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    10. Descheemaeker, K. & Bunting, S. W. & Bindraban, P. & Muthuri, C. & Molden, D. & Beveridge, M. & van Brakel, Martin & Herrero, M. & Clement, Floriane & Boelee, Eline & Jarvis, D. I., 2013. "Increasing water productivity in Agriculture," Book Chapters,, International Water Management Institute.
    11. Desale Kidane Asmamaw & Pieter Janssens & Mekete Dessie & Seifu A. Tilahun & Enyew Adgo & Jan Nyssen & Kristine Walraevens & Derbew Fentie & Wim M. Cornelis, 2021. "Soil and Irrigation Water Management: Farmer’s Practice, Insight, and Major Constraints in Upper Blue Nile Basin, Ethiopia," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-19, April.
    12. Shimelis Beyene & Teshome H. Regassa & Belaineh Legesse & Martha Mamo & Tsegaye Tadesse, 2018. "Empowerment and Tech Adoption: Introducing the Treadle Pump Triggers Farmers’ Innovation in Eastern Ethiopia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(9), pages 1-12, September.
    13. Unknown, 2012. "Investing in agricultural water management to benefit smallholder farmers in Ethiopia. AgWater Solutions Project country synthesis report," IWMI Research Reports 158354, International Water Management Institute.
    14. Nigus, Halefom & Nillesen, Eleonora & Mohnen, Pierre, 2018. "The effect of weather index insurance on social capital: Experimental evidence from Ethiopia," MERIT Working Papers 2018-007, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
    15. Zewdie Habte Shikur, 2020. "Agricultural policies, agricultural production and rural households’ welfare in Ethiopia," Journal of Economic Structures, Springer;Pan-Pacific Association of Input-Output Studies (PAPAIOS), vol. 9(1), pages 1-21, December.
    16. Belete, Belainew & Melak, Surafel, 2018. "Impacts of Small-Scale Irrigation Technology on the Nutritional Wellbeing of Children in the Amhara National Region of Ethiopia," Ethiopian Journal of Economics, Ethiopian Economics Association, vol. 27(01), April.
    17. Emerta Aragie & Jean Balié, 2021. "Public spending on agricultural productivity and rural commercialization: A comparison of impacts using an economy‐wide approach," Development Policy Review, Overseas Development Institute, vol. 39(S1), pages 21-41, August.
    18. Mourad, Khaldoon A. & Yimer, Sadame Mohammed, 2017. "Socio-economic Potential of Rainwater Harvesting in Ethiopia," Sustainable Agriculture Research, Canadian Center of Science and Education, vol. 6(1), February.
    19. Bachewe, Fantu N. & Berhane, Guush & Minten, Bart & Taffesse, Alemayehu S., 2018. "Agricultural Transformation in Africa? Assessing the Evidence in Ethiopia," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 105(C), pages 286-298.
    20. Mengistu Assefa Wendimu & Peter Gibbon, 2014. "Labour markets for irrigated agriculture in central Ethiopia: Wage premiums and segmentation," IFRO Working Paper 2014/06, University of Copenhagen, Department of Food and Resource Economics.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:24:p:16782-:d:1299104. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.