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Investigation of Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System in Urban Wastewater Management: Case Study in Yangon, Myanmar

Author

Listed:
  • Kaung Htet Swan

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand)

  • Nawatch Surinkul

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand)

  • Chettiyappan Visvanathan

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand)

Abstract

Urban wastewater management in rapidly growing cities presents a significant challenge. Traditional centralized systems are unable to keep pace with increasing urbanization and wastewater generation. This manuscript presents a case study conducted in Yangon, aimed at investigating the feasibility and potential benefits of approaching the decentralized wastewater treatment system (DEWATS) as an alternative solution. DEWATS and centralized wastewater treatment system (CWTS) cases were observed for performance, operational efficiency, and environmental benefits. Field studies, interviews with municipal personnel, and discussions with residents were also conducted. Residents using DEWATS in Yangon value its environmental advantages and are willing to invest in sustainability. Those who use centralized systems are concerned about high costs and unreliability. Results from sustainability assessments showed that DEWATS obtained higher total scores than CWTS. Based on Weighted Sum Methods in three sustainability scenarios, DEWATS ranked first and has been shown to be a sustainable solution for Yangon across environmental, social, economic, and technical aspects. This study provides an alternative strategy for urban planners and decision-makers to use DEWATS as an option for urban wastewater management. The evidence could support accelerating provision of wastewater treatment plants and encourage willingness to pay.

Suggested Citation

  • Kaung Htet Swan & Nawatch Surinkul & Chettiyappan Visvanathan, 2023. "Investigation of Decentralized Wastewater Treatment System in Urban Wastewater Management: Case Study in Yangon, Myanmar," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-17, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:24:p:16756-:d:1298635
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Eleonora Santos & Milena Carvalho & Susana Martins, 2023. "Sustainable Water Management: Understanding the Socioeconomic and Cultural Dimensions," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-21, August.
    2. R. M. A. S. Dhananjana Rajakaruna & B. G. N. Sewwandi & Mohamed M. M. Najim & Mirza Barjees Baig & Bader Alhafi Alotaibi & Abou Traore, 2023. "Sustainable Approaches for Wastewater Treatment: An Analysis of Sludge-Based Materials for Heavy Metal Removal from Wastewater by Adsorption," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(20), pages 1-25, October.
    3. Zhengrui Li & Xueting Du & Weihua Zhong, 2023. "Regional Marketization and Corporate Wastewater Treatment Activities: From the Perspective of Government Intervention," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-12, September.
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