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Risk Assessment of Domestic Wastewater Treatment System Based on Constructed Wetlands

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  • Yvelisse Pérez

    (Área de Ciencias Básicas y Ambientales, Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo, Ave. de los Próceres 49, Santo Domingo 10602, Dominican Republic
    Ministry of Environment and Natural Resources, Santo Domingo 11107, Dominican Republic)

  • Daniel García-Cortes

    (Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas (InSTEC), University of Havana, Havana 10600, Cuba)

  • Antonio Torres-Valle

    (Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas (InSTEC), University of Havana, Havana 10600, Cuba)

  • Ulises Jáuregui-Haza

    (Área de Ciencias Básicas y Ambientales, Instituto Tecnológico de Santo Domingo, Ave. de los Próceres 49, Santo Domingo 10602, Dominican Republic)

Abstract

Risk assessment methods vary and have been applied to areas such as environmental, technological, and occupational safety, adapting to the complexities of the subjects under study. The objective of this work is to conduct a risk analysis of a domestic wastewater treatment system based on constructed wetlands (CW) and to evaluate actions to reduce the operational risk of the studied installation. The approach used is the three-dimensional risk matrix, which is a simplified version of the probabilistic risk evaluation method, making it more accessible and allowing for broader application. To apply the risk matrix method to a wastewater system based on CW, it was necessary to modify a risk model. This modification involved creating a process map and identifying accidental scenarios or sequences within each stage, including their initiating events, defenses, and consequences. The results enabled the identification of the most critical initiating events and defenses. Notably, human factors emerged as the primary contributors to the risk associated with wetland operation. The findings from this study can be used to enhance wetland security, including the prioritization of controls for the most critical defenses identified in this research.

Suggested Citation

  • Yvelisse Pérez & Daniel García-Cortes & Antonio Torres-Valle & Ulises Jáuregui-Haza, 2023. "Risk Assessment of Domestic Wastewater Treatment System Based on Constructed Wetlands," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(22), pages 1-24, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:22:p:15850-:d:1278161
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Marta Jaskulak & Maksymilian Sotomski & Małgorzata Michalska & Roman Marks & Katarzyna Zorena, 2022. "The Effects of Wastewater Treatment Plant Failure on the Gulf of Gdansk (Southern Baltic Sea)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(4), pages 1-18, February.
    2. Huma Ilyas & Eric D. van Hullebusch, 2020. "Performance Comparison of Different Constructed Wetlands Designs for the Removal of Personal Care Products," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(9), pages 1-23, April.
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