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Study on the Mechanism of a Hanging Roof at a Difficult Caving End in a Fully-Mechanized Top Coal Caving Face

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  • Hongtao Liu

    (School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Cheng Hao

    (School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Zijun Han

    (School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Qinyu Liu

    (School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Haozhu Wang

    (School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Jialu Liang

    (School of Energy and Mining Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

  • Dandan Zhang

    (School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China)

Abstract

During the mining process of fully-mechanized caving faces, the roof of the roadway behind the working face easily forms an arched-shape hanging roof structure with the working face pushed forward, which results in potential hazards such as gas accumulation and large-scale roof collapse. Based on the actual situation of a hanging roof at a difficult caving end in fully-mechanized top coal caving faces, through borehole exploration, surrounding rock displacement observation, bolt stress monitoring, theoretical formula calculation, and numerical simulation methods, the structure characteristics of the hanging roof at the end of the fully-mechanized caving face are studied. The ultimate failure depth and ultimate break distance of the hanging roof structure at the end of the working face are obtained, and its formation mechanism is analyzed. It is concluded that the hanging structure is formed by the following reasons: the lithology of sandy mudstone and fine sandstone above the top coal of the roadway is strong; the hanging roof structure is less affected by working-face mining; there is a result of insufficient rotary pressure of the upper mudstone while working together with the protective coal pillar and end support the caving step distance of the curved hanging roof structure is 10~13.55 m.

Suggested Citation

  • Hongtao Liu & Cheng Hao & Zijun Han & Qinyu Liu & Haozhu Wang & Jialu Liang & Dandan Zhang, 2023. "Study on the Mechanism of a Hanging Roof at a Difficult Caving End in a Fully-Mechanized Top Coal Caving Face," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:1:p:812-:d:1022828
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jarosław Brodny & Magdalena Tutak, 2018. "Exposure to Harmful Dusts on Fully Powered Longwall Coal Mines in Poland," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(9), pages 1-16, August.
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