IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v15y2023i19p14531-d1254580.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Evaluation of the Methane (CH 4 ) Generation Rate Constant ( k Value) of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Mogadishu City, Somalia

Author

Listed:
  • Abdulkadir A. Araye

    (School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia)

  • Mohd Suffian Yusoff

    (School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
    Solid Waste Management Cluster, Science and Technology Research Centre, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia)

  • Nik Azimatolakma Awang

    (School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia)

  • Teh Sabariah Binti Abd Manan

    (School of Civil Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Nibong Tebal 14300, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
    Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Nerus 21030, Terengganu, Malaysia)

Abstract

Landfills are the third largest source of the greenhouse gas methane, contributing to 25% of global warming. Therefore, the characterization of national municipal solid waste (MSW) and estimation of methane generation rate are very important for the solid waste management (SWM) toward sustainable development goal no. 13, climate action. This study presents (a) an assessment of daily MSW generation, (b) the characterization of MSW, and (c) an evaluation of the methane generation rate constant ( k value) in Mogadishu, Somalia. The MSW samples were collected from three (3) sampling zones (Zones 1, 2, and 3; 204 households) and weighted (kg). Next, the waste generation per person per day was estimated. The MSW characterization includes sorting (based on plastic/polythene, food wastes, wood, metals, yard waste, paper/cardboard, textile, glass/ceramic and miscellaneous components, %), the determination of bulk density (kg/L), and measuring moisture content (%). The k values were evaluated from the percentages of different components in MSW based on first-order decay models. Mogadishu city generated 1671.03 kg MSW per week (maximum on Friday: 348.72 kg, and minimum on Monday: 152.04 kg). The total mean MSW generation rate observed in this study was 0.2 kg/person/day. The solid waste generation found was in the decreasing order of food waste > plastic/polythene > yard waste > miscellaneous > papers/carboard > wood > glass/ceramic > textiles > metals by weight. The average bulk density was found to be 0.269 kg/L. The average moisture content was ranged from 61.6 to 73%. The total k values were categorized as fast (Zone 1: 0.216053 yr −1 , Zone 2: 0.228739 yr −1 , and Zone 3: 0.244595 yr −1 ) and moderate (Zone 3: 0.244595 yr −1 ) degradation. This research serves as Somalian MSW baseline data and projected the methane generation rate from the MSW production in the country. The MSW sorting may reduce the impact of global warming and is highly recommended for better SWM in the future.

Suggested Citation

  • Abdulkadir A. Araye & Mohd Suffian Yusoff & Nik Azimatolakma Awang & Teh Sabariah Binti Abd Manan, 2023. "Evaluation of the Methane (CH 4 ) Generation Rate Constant ( k Value) of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) in Mogadishu City, Somalia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(19), pages 1-20, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:19:p:14531-:d:1254580
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/19/14531/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/19/14531/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chowdhury, Joydeep & Dutta, Subhajit & Arellano-Valle, Reinaldo B. & Genton, Marc G., 2022. "Sub-dimensional Mardia measures of multivariate skewness and kurtosis," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    2. Paulien Harmsen & Michiel Scheffer & Harriette Bos, 2021. "Textiles for Circular Fashion: The Logic behind Recycling Options," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(17), pages 1-17, August.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Hyewon Lee, 2023. "The Dual Strategy for Textile and Fashion Production Using Clothing Waste," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(15), pages 1-20, July.
    2. Neringa Vilkaite-Vaitone & Laima Jeseviciute-Ufartiene, 2021. "Predicting Textile Recycling through the Lens of the Theory of Planned Behaviour," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-12, October.
    3. Hyewon Lee, 2023. "A Study on the Production Methods of Upcycling Tweed Fabric Using Clothing Waste Based on Chanel’s Tweed Design," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(4), pages 1-17, February.
    4. Giuseppe Bonifazi & Riccardo Gasbarrone & Roberta Palmieri & Silvia Serranti, 2022. "End-of-Life Textile Recognition in a Circular Economy Perspective: A Methodological Approach Based on Near Infrared Spectroscopy," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-15, August.
    5. Baishuai Zuo & Narayanaswamy Balakrishnan & Chuancun Yin, 2023. "An analysis of multivariate measures of skewness and kurtosis of skew-elliptical distributions," Papers 2311.18176, arXiv.org.
    6. Anabela Salgueiro-Oliveira & Anderson da Silva Rêgo & Paulo Santos-Costa & Rafael A. Bernardes & Luísa Filipe & Liliana B. Sousa & Rochelne Barboza & Miguel Carvalho & Maria Bouçanova & Maria Clara Fe, 2023. "Design of Innovative Clothing for Pressure Injury Prevention: End-User Evaluation in a Mixed-Methods Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(18), pages 1-17, September.
    7. Joséphine Riemens & Andrée-Anne Lemieux & Samir Lamouri & Léonore Garnier, 2021. "A Delphi-Régnier Study Addressing the Challenges of Textile Recycling in Europe for the Fashion and Apparel Industry," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-30, October.
    8. Maria Elena Aramendia-Muneta & Andrea Ollo-López & Katrin Simón-Elorz, 2022. "Circular Fashion: Cluster Analysis to Define Advertising Strategies," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-19, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:19:p:14531-:d:1254580. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.