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A Comprehensive Study of Assessing Sustainable Agricultural Water Management under Changing Climate Scenarios—A Regional Basis Study in the Western Ghats, India

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  • T. I. Eldho

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
    Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India)

  • Navya Chandu

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India)

  • Kashish Sadhwani

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India)

Abstract

The Western Ghats (WG) in South India is a biological hotspot with a cluster of small river basins and heterogeneous climate and vegetation patterns, and it is categorized under the water stress region by Central Water Commission (CWC). This study aims to evaluate the effects of climate change and land use/land cover (LULC) transformations on water balance components and irrigation water demand (IWD) across different regions of WG for a future period (2020–2050). The variable infiltration capacity model has been calibrated separately for the upper, middle, and lower regions of WG. Further, climate projections from the CMIP6 experiment (SSP2 45/SSP5 85) have been used for future projections of water balance components. The land use change shows an increase in built-up (5.79%) and a decrease in cultivable land (1.24%) by the end of 2030 from 1995. The combined impact due to climate and LULC change shows that the future rainfall/runoff increases in the lower regions of the basin by 100/36.5 mm/year through SSP 4.5. However, the summer months show an increasing water requirement in the future for the Ghats and Nilgiri regions of the basin. The present regional-based study will be useful for future agriculture water management practices in the region for sustainable development and the study can be extended to other similar regions.

Suggested Citation

  • T. I. Eldho & Navya Chandu & Kashish Sadhwani, 2023. "A Comprehensive Study of Assessing Sustainable Agricultural Water Management under Changing Climate Scenarios—A Regional Basis Study in the Western Ghats, India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(18), pages 1-18, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:18:p:13459-:d:1235542
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sara Karam & Baba-Serges Zango & Ousmane Seidou & Duminda Perera & Nidhi Nagabhatla & Raphael M. Tshimanga, 2023. "Impacts of Climate Change on Hydrological Regimes in the Congo River Basin," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(7), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Kashish Sadhwani & T. I. Eldho, 2023. "Assessing the Vulnerability of Water Balance to Climate Change at River Basin Scale in Humid Tropics: Implications for a Sustainable Water Future," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(11), pages 1-19, June.
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      Keywords

      climate change; CMIP6; GCM; hydrology; VIC; water balance;
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