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Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances by Adsorption on Innovative Adsorbent Materials

Author

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  • Maria Cristina Collivignarelli

    (Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture & C.S.G.I., University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy
    Interdepartmental Centre for Water Research, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Stefano Bellazzi

    (Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Francesca Maria Caccamo

    (Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Silvia Calatroni

    (Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 3, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Chiara Milanese

    (Pavia Hydrogen Lab, Department of Chemistry & C.S.G.I., University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 16, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Marco Baldi

    (Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy)

  • Alessandro Abbà

    (Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, Italy)

  • Sabrina Sorlini

    (Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, Italy)

  • Giorgio Bertanza

    (Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze 43, 25123 Brescia, Italy)

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) constitute a group of organofluorine chemical synthetic compounds widely used in industries and manufacturing due to their hydrophobic properties. However, PFAS have been found to cause negative human health outcomes. Therefore, a strong interest in the possible removal of these compounds from wastewater (WW) has been shown. This work aims to present a systematic analysis of the scientific literature related to the innovative and alternative adsorbent materials that can be used for treating PFAS-contaminated WW. Moreover, the adsorption processes are considered, focusing the attention on virgin adsorbent materials and biochar as adsorbents. Virgin adsorbent materials comprise conventional adsorbent materials, functional clays, metal–organic frameworks, and functionalized organic polymers. Biochar includes materials obtained from agricultural or food residues and from sewage sludge. The review shows that conventional treatment units using virgin adsorbent materials are characterized by high adsorption capacity, but also high costs. In addition, the refunctionalization of adsorbent materials is difficult to obtain. On the contrary, biochar, which is a residual product of other production processes, appears to be a cost-effective solution.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria Cristina Collivignarelli & Stefano Bellazzi & Francesca Maria Caccamo & Silvia Calatroni & Chiara Milanese & Marco Baldi & Alessandro Abbà & Sabrina Sorlini & Giorgio Bertanza, 2023. "Removal of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances by Adsorption on Innovative Adsorbent Materials," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-17, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:17:p:13056-:d:1228688
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jay N. Meegoda & Jitendra A. Kewalramani & Brian Li & Richard W. Marsh, 2020. "A Review of the Applications, Environmental Release, and Remediation Technologies of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-26, November.
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