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Post-Disaster Reconstruction of Residential Buildings: Evolution of Structural Vulnerability on Caribbean Island of Saint Martin after Hurricane Irma

Author

Listed:
  • Rasool Mehdizadeh

    (GeoRessources UMR 7359, Mines Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Campus ARTEM, BP14234, 54042 Nancy Cedex, France)

  • Olivier Deck

    (GeoRessources UMR 7359, Mines Nancy, Université de Lorraine, Campus ARTEM, BP14234, 54042 Nancy Cedex, France)

  • Nathalie Pottier

    (Unité Mixte Internationale SOURCE—SOUtenabilité et RésilenCE—UMI 272 UVSQ-IRD, UVSQ-Université Paris-Saclay, 47 Bd Vauban, 78280 Guyancourt, France)

  • Anne Péné-Annette

    (Unité Mixte Internationale SOURCE—SOUtenabilité et RésilenCE—UMI 272 UVSQ-IRD, Université des Antilles, pôle Martinique, Campus de Schoelcher, 97275 Schoelcher, France)

Abstract

This article presents a summary of the results obtained as part of the ANR (French National Research Agency)-RELEV project, which focuses on the long-term recovery and reconstruction of the island of Saint Martin following the passage of Hurricane Irma in 2017. This hurricane was classified as category five on the Saffir-Simpson scale, with an average wind speed of 287 km/h. It caused catastrophic damage along its path and highlighted the significant vulnerability of Caribbean societies to this type of phenomenon. This article focuses on the reconstruction of residential buildings on the French part of the island of Saint Martin. It aims to identify and analyze the factors that have favorably or unfavorably influenced their reconstruction and their structural vulnerability reduction. The research is based mainly on a series of interviews with local actors (construction and insurance companies, architects, territorial services, etc.), an online survey of residents (180 responses), and a field survey involving visits to 104 buildings with interviews of the occupants. The results obtained show that having access to financial resources for the reconstruction of buildings is central. However, different parameters must be considered to understand the disparity of situations and identify the factors that have most favorably contributed to the speed and quality of reconstruction and reduction of vulnerability. Even five years after Irma, a significant number of buildings on the island remain either unrepaired or abandoned. These buildings nevertheless constitute a danger in the case of strong winds (becoming a source of projectiles) and have a negative impact on the reputation and attractiveness of the island. The results reveal that in general, buildings in Saint Martin are slightly more resilient than they were prior to Irma, while presenting a great heterogeneity of situations.

Suggested Citation

  • Rasool Mehdizadeh & Olivier Deck & Nathalie Pottier & Anne Péné-Annette, 2023. "Post-Disaster Reconstruction of Residential Buildings: Evolution of Structural Vulnerability on Caribbean Island of Saint Martin after Hurricane Irma," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(17), pages 1-21, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:17:p:12788-:d:1223698
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhang Huafeng, 2016. "Household vulnerability and economic status during disaster recovery and its determinants: a case study after the Wenchuan earthquake," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 83(3), pages 1505-1526, September.
    2. Gwenaël Jouannic & Anaïs Ameline & Kelly Pasquon & Oscar Navarro & Chloé Tran Duc Minh & Abdel Halim Boudoukha & Marie-Aude Corbillé & Denis Crozier & Ghozlane Fleury-Bahi & Julien Gargani & Paul Guér, 2020. "Recovery of the Island of Saint Martin after Hurricane Irma: An Interdisciplinary Perspective," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-25, October.
    3. Christopher Plein, 2019. "Resilience, Adaptation, and Inertia: Lessons from Disaster Recovery in a Time of Climate Change," Social Science Quarterly, Southwestern Social Science Association, vol. 100(7), pages 2530-2541, December.
    4. Ahmad Taki & Viet Ha Xuan Doan, 2022. "A New Framework for Sustainable Resilient Houses on the Coastal Areas of Khanh Hoa, Vietnam," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-31, June.
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