Unravelling the Release Kinetics of Exchangeable Magnesium in Acid Soil of Nilgiris

Magnesium deficiency is a pervasive and recurrent factor that significantly restricts crop production, primarily attributable to the low levels of exchangeable magnesium (ex-Mg) present in acidic soil conditions. This deficiency exerts a pronounced negative influence on the sustainability and progress of agricultural development. Hence the current study aspired at modeling the kinetics of Exchangeable Magnesium release from 3 fertilizer sources i.e., Epsom salt (MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O), Magnesite (MgCO 3 ) and Dolomite [CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 ] in the acidic soil of the Nilgiris district in Tamil Nadu, India. Four mathematical models were verified—Power function, parabolic diffusion, Simple-Elovich, and first-order to explain cumulative Mg 2+ release. Power function was noticed to be an outstanding empirical equation finely fitted to the experimental data. The intensity, as well as the modality of the release pattern, was predicted by the numerical parameters. The power function as well as Parabolic Diffusion portrayed the Mg 2+ release kinetics best as verified by the maximum correlation coefficients ( r 2 ). The parabolic diffusion model also designated the data as suitable, signifying diffusion-controlled exchange. From the derived dissolution rates, it was conceivable to agree Epsom salt (MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O) from which the release was faster than the other two magnesium sources. In conclusion, these outcomes provided an insight into the temporal dynamics of magnesium availability in acidic soil, highlighting the importance of understanding its release kinetics for sustainable agriculture development. The findings contribute to the broader knowledge of magnesium management strategies, aiding in the development of targeted interventions to alleviate magnesium deficiency and optimize crop productivity in acidic soil environments.