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Development of a Watershed Sustainability Index for the Santiago River Basin, Mexico

Author

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  • Iyelitzin Núñez-Razo

    (Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico)

  • José de Anda

    (CONACYT-Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Guadalajara 44270, JAL, Mexico)

  • Héctor Barrios-Piña

    (Tecnologico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey 64849, NL, Mexico)

  • Luis Alberto Olvera-Vargas

    (CONACYT-Centro de Investigación y Asistencia en Tecnología y Diseño del Estado de Jalisco A.C., Guadalajara 44270, JAL, Mexico)

  • Mariana García-Ruíz-García

    (Institute for Management & Innovation, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada)

  • Sofía Hernández-Morales

    (Gobierno de Jalisco, Guadalajara 44190, JAL, Mexico)

Abstract

Sustainability indices are a way of quantifying the progress that a certain region has achieved in terms of sustainability that can be transmitted to society and decision makers. The watershed approach has become relevant for managing water resources and ensuring their sustainability. This study combined the above two approaches by applying an adapted watershed sustainability index (WSI) to evaluate the sustainable development of the Santiago–Guadalajara River basin (SGRB), which passes through Guadalajara, the second-most populous city in Mexico. The river is the most polluted waterway in the country. The WSI of each sub-basin places the SGRB at a sustainability level between low in the upper and lower basin region and intermediate in the central basin region. Regions with a low sustainability level are characterized by environmental degradation due to changes in land use, while in the region with intermediate sustainability, the factor that most affect the evaluation is water availability. An overall sustainability score of WSI = 0.36 was obtained for the study area, which is lower than that of any other basins evaluated in the same manner around the world. These results send a clear message to decision makers of the three government levels, in charge of the environmental sustainability of the basin, of the need to take action to facilitate its recovery.

Suggested Citation

  • Iyelitzin Núñez-Razo & José de Anda & Héctor Barrios-Piña & Luis Alberto Olvera-Vargas & Mariana García-Ruíz-García & Sofía Hernández-Morales, 2023. "Development of a Watershed Sustainability Index for the Santiago River Basin, Mexico," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-32, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2023:i:10:p:8428-:d:1153071
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. A. A. Hezri & Mohd. Nordin Hasan, 2006. "Towards sustainable development? The evolution of environmental policy in Malaysia," Natural Resources Forum, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 30(1), pages 37-50, February.
    2. Leon Hermans, 2011. "An Approach to Support Learning from International Experience with Water Policy," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 25(1), pages 373-393, January.
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    1. Bunga Ludmila Rendrarpoetri & Ernan Rustiadi & Akhmad Fauzi & Andrea Emma Pravitasari, 2024. "Sustainability Assessment of the Upstream Bengawan Solo Watershed in Wonogiri Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(5), pages 1-29, February.

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