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Interactions between Intrinsic Soil Properties and Deep Tillage in the Sustainable Management of Perennial Crops

Author

Listed:
  • Raphael Passaglia Azevedo

    (Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200900, Brazil)

  • Lucas de Castro Moreira da Silva

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570900, Brazil)

  • Fernandes Antonio Costa Pereira

    (Soil Science Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa 36570900, Brazil)

  • Pedro Maranha Peche

    (Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200900, Brazil)

  • Leila Aparecida Salles Pio

    (Department of Agriculture, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200900, Brazil)

  • Marcelo Mancini

    (Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200900, Brazil)

  • Nilton Curi

    (Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200900, Brazil)

  • Bruno Montoani Silva

    (Department of Soil Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200900, Brazil)

Abstract

Choosing the appropriate management system is essential for sustainable agricultural practices. Yet, soil-specific properties at the subsurface are seldom considered when choosing the appropriate tillage system. This study assessed the effect of tillage depth on physical–hydraulic properties in three contrasting soil classes in the establishment of perennial crops. Tillage practices were evaluated in soils with natural dense layers (Inceptisols and Ultisols), and soils with very small and stable granular structure (Oxisols). From least to most aggressive, tested tillage systems included surface furrowing + plant holes (MT); plowing followed by two diskings + furrowing (CT); plowing followed by two diskings + subsoiling (SB); and plowing followed by two diskings + rotary hoeing (DM). Physical indicators with the greatest explanatory power were relative field capacity (RFC, 97%), aeration capacity (AC, 95%), macroporosity (Pmac, 95%), the S index (S gi , 89%), and bulk density (Bd, 81%). DM caused the greatest modification in soil structure, especially at the surface. It increased values of AC, Pmac, and S gi , and reduced Bd values. Only deep tillage systems (DM and SB) improved soil structure in deeper layers. Highest Bd values were observed for MT (1.47 g cm −3 ), and lowest for DM (1.21 g cm −3 ). Soil classes responded differently to soil tillage systems. DM was most effective in soils with densified layers (Inceptisol and Ultisol). Effects were less expressive in the studied Oxisol. Comparing MT and DM, Pmac increased by more than 100% in the studied Ultisol, but by less than 20% in the Oxisol. No tillage system affected the Oxisol’s soil structure in deeper layers, due to its small and stable granular structure. The choice of optimal tillage strategies should consider soil-specific properties, especially at greater depths, to guarantee more productive and sustainable crop systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Raphael Passaglia Azevedo & Lucas de Castro Moreira da Silva & Fernandes Antonio Costa Pereira & Pedro Maranha Peche & Leila Aparecida Salles Pio & Marcelo Mancini & Nilton Curi & Bruno Montoani Silva, 2022. "Interactions between Intrinsic Soil Properties and Deep Tillage in the Sustainable Management of Perennial Crops," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(1), pages 1-22, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:15:y:2022:i:1:p:760-:d:1021710
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ilaria Piccoli & Till Seehusen & Jenny Bussell & Olga Vizitu & Irina Calciu & Antonio Berti & Gunnar Börjesson & Holger Kirchmann & Thomas Kätterer & Felice Sartori & Chris Stoate & Felicity Crotty & , 2022. "Opportunities for Mitigating Soil Compaction in Europe—Case Studies from the SoilCare Project Using Soil-Improving Cropping Systems," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(2), pages 1-26, February.
    2. Lishu Wang & Haigang Guo & Lixuan Wang & Dongjuan Cheng, 2022. "Suitable Tillage Depth Promotes Maize Yields by Changing Soil Physical and Chemical Properties in A 3-Year Experiment in the North China Plain," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-16, November.
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