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Assessing the Water-Resources Potential and Soil Erosion Hotspot Areas for Sustainable Land Management in the Gidabo Watershed, Rift Valley Lake Basin of Ethiopia

Author

Listed:
  • Mihret Dananto

    (Institute of Technology, Hawassa University, Hawaasa P.O. Box 05, Ethiopia)

  • Alemu O. Aga

    (Institute of Technology, Hawassa University, Hawaasa P.O. Box 05, Ethiopia)

  • Petros Yohannes

    (Institute of Technology, Hawassa University, Hawaasa P.O. Box 05, Ethiopia)

  • Lamiso Shura

    (Institute of Technology, Hawassa University, Hawaasa P.O. Box 05, Ethiopia)

Abstract

For development of a comprehensive sediment management plan, it is crucial to categorize watersheds on the basis of soil erosion hotspot areas to extend the useful life of water bodies (e.g., Gidam reservoir). The goal of this study was to assess the surface water potential and identify erosion hotspot areas of the Gidabo watershed in Ethiopia using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model. The SUFI-2 (Sequential Uncertainty Fitting Version 2) program was used to calibrate the model, and the model’s performance was evaluated. According to the catchment prioritization analysis, some of the sub-basins with similar land use, land cover, and soil type but with higher slope would generate higher sediment yield. Furthermore, the soil conservation scenarios were developed in SWAT, and the model result showed that average annual sediment yield could be reduced by the application of grassed waterway, filter strips, terracing, and contouring by 49%, 37.53%, 62.32%, and 54.6% respectively. It was concluded that sediment yield reduction by applying terracing was more effective than other conservation measures for affected sub-basins. The surface water potential of the watershed varies spatially from sub-basin to sub-basin, and the mean monthly surface water potential of the watershed is 33 million cubic meters. These findings can help decision-makers to develop appropriate strategies to minimize the erosion rate from erosion hotspot areas and to allocate the watershed water potential for different types of water demands. Strip planting, terracing, or contour farming may be necessary on chosen hotspot erosion sites to reduce the effect of slopes on surface runoff flow velocity and sediment transport capacity.

Suggested Citation

  • Mihret Dananto & Alemu O. Aga & Petros Yohannes & Lamiso Shura, 2022. "Assessing the Water-Resources Potential and Soil Erosion Hotspot Areas for Sustainable Land Management in the Gidabo Watershed, Rift Valley Lake Basin of Ethiopia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-19, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:9:p:5262-:d:803212
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Tanja Micić Ponjiger & Tin Lukić & Biljana Basarin & Maja Jokić & Robert L. Wilby & Dragoslav Pavić & Minučer Mesaroš & Aleksandar Valjarević & Miško M. Milanović & Cezar Morar, 2021. "Detailed Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Variability of Rainfall Erosivity and Erosivity Density in the Central and Southern Pannonian Basin," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-31, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Abdennabi Alitane & Ali Essahlaoui & Ann Van Griensven & Estifanos Addisu Yimer & Narjisse Essahlaoui & Meriame Mohajane & Celray James Chawanda & Anton Van Rompaey, 2022. "Towards a Decision-Making Approach of Sustainable Water Resources Management Based on Hydrological Modeling: A Case Study in Central Morocco," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-17, August.
    2. Rediet Girma & Awdenegest Moges & Christine Fürst, 2023. "Integrated Modeling of Land Degradation Dynamics and Insights on the Possible Future Management Alternatives in the Gidabo River Basin, Ethiopian Rift Valley," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(9), pages 1-23, September.

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