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Three-Dimensional Analysis of Air-Admission Orifices in Pipelines during Hydraulic Drainage Events

Author

Listed:
  • Duban A. Paternina-Verona

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena 131001, Colombia)

  • Oscar E. Coronado-Hernández

    (Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, Cartagena 131001, Colombia)

  • Hector G. Espinoza-Román

    (Grupo INMEDIT S.A.S., Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Cartagena, Cartagena 130001, Colombia)

  • Mohsen Besharat

    (School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK)

  • Vicente S. Fuertes-Miquel

    (Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain)

  • Helena M. Ramos

    (Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Georesources, CERIS, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal)

Abstract

Air valves operate as protection devices in pipelines during drainage processes in order to mitigate vacuum pressures and control the transient flows. Currently, different authors have proposed one-dimensional models to predict the behaviour of orifices during filling and draining events, which offer good numerical results. However, the three-dimensional dynamic behaviour of air-admission orifices during drainage processes has not been studied in depth in the literature. In this research, the effects of air inflow on an orifice installed in a single pipe during drainage events are analysed using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics model by testing orifices with diameters of 1.5 and 3.0 mm. This model was validated with different experimental measurements associated to the vacuum pressure, obtaining good fits. The three-dimensional model predicts additional information associated to the aerodynamic effects that occur during the air-admission processes, which is studied. Subsonic flows are observed in different orifices with Mach numbers between 0.18 and 0.30. In addition, it is shown that the larger-diameter orifice ensures a more effective airflow control compared to the smaller-diameter orifice.

Suggested Citation

  • Duban A. Paternina-Verona & Oscar E. Coronado-Hernández & Hector G. Espinoza-Román & Mohsen Besharat & Vicente S. Fuertes-Miquel & Helena M. Ramos, 2022. "Three-Dimensional Analysis of Air-Admission Orifices in Pipelines during Hydraulic Drainage Events," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-14, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:21:p:14600-:d:965108
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mohsen Besharat & Reza Tarinejad & Mohammad Taghi Aalami & Helena M. Ramos, 2016. "Study of a Compressed Air Vessel for Controlling the Pressure Surge in Water Networks: CFD and Experimental Analysis," Water Resources Management: An International Journal, Published for the European Water Resources Association (EWRA), Springer;European Water Resources Association (EWRA), vol. 30(8), pages 2687-2702, June.
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