IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i21p14459-d962736.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Laboratory and In Situ Stabilization of Compacted Clay through Granite Waste Powder

Author

Listed:
  • Syed Husnain Ali Shah

    (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan)

  • Umer Habib

    (Centre for Ore Deposit and Geology, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7005, Australia)

  • Abdullah Mohamed

    (Research Centre, Future University in Egypt, New Cairo 11835, Egypt)

  • Mubashir Aziz

    (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
    Interdisciplinary Research Center for Construction and Building Materials, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia)

  • Qasim ur Rehman

    (Department of Earth Sciences, University of Haripur, Haripur 22610, Pakistan)

  • Asma Saleem

    (Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Hazara University, Mansehra 21120, Pakistan)

Abstract

The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of granite waste powder on the behavior of compacted clay soil in both field and laboratory environments. Samples were collected from clay soil exposed at Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The sampled soils contain kaolinite, illite, and montmorillonites. The samples were mixed with various quantities, i.e., 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by weight of granite waste powder collected from various stone industries in district Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. They were then subjected to a variety of geotechnical testing in both the laboratory and the field, following the standard ASTM procedures. The results show that mixing with granite-cutting waste enhances the quality of the soil in both the field and laboratory settings by increasing its bearing capacity (BC), dry density (DD), California-bearing ratio (CBR), unconfined compressive strength (UCS), penetration resistance, and angle of internal friction and by reducing the optimum moisture content, cohesion, porosity, void ratio, and saturation potential. The resulting improvement is mainly due to the stronger, denser, and less hydrophilic character of the constituents of the added rock powders than the raw soil. It is observed that adding 40% granite waste powder produces the best outcome. However, there is a significant difference in the magnitude of the impact on soil quality between the laboratory and field testing. Owing to differences in the testing environment, soil volume, and compaction effort and energy, the amount of improvement is higher in laboratory testing than in field testing.

Suggested Citation

  • Syed Husnain Ali Shah & Umer Habib & Abdullah Mohamed & Mubashir Aziz & Qasim ur Rehman & Asma Saleem, 2022. "Laboratory and In Situ Stabilization of Compacted Clay through Granite Waste Powder," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-15, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:21:p:14459-:d:962736
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/21/14459/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/21/14459/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Weixin Yang & Hao Gao & Yunpeng Yang & Jiacheng Liao, 2022. "Embodied Carbon in China’s Export Trade: A Multi Region Input-Output Analysis," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-16, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Xing Zhao & Xin Zhang, 2022. "Research on the Evaluation and Regional Differences in Carbon Emissions Efficiency of Cultural and Related Manufacturing Industries in China’s Yangtze River Basin," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-22, August.
    2. Yang, Weixin & Pan, Lingying & Ding, Qinyi, 2023. "Dynamic analysis of natural gas substitution for crude oil: Scenario simulation and quantitative evaluation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 282(C).
    3. Wissal Morchid & Eduardo A. Haddad & Luc Savard, 2024. "Measuring the Cost of the European Union’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism on Moroccan Exports," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(12), pages 1-19, June.
    4. Yang, Weixin & Yang, Yunpeng & Chen, Hongmin, 2022. "How to stimulate Chinese energy companies to comply with emission regulations? Evidence from four-party evolutionary game analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 258(C).
    5. Qi Chen & Nan Chen & Yunpeng Yang, 2023. "The Impact of College Students’ Perceived Service Quality in the Context of Regional Integration of Education," SAGE Open, , vol. 13(3), pages 21582440231, September.
    6. Tianrui Wang & Yu Chen & Leya Zeng, 2022. "Spatial-Temporal Evolution Analysis of Carbon Emissions Embodied in Inter-Provincial Trade in China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(11), pages 1-26, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:21:p:14459-:d:962736. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.