IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jsusta/v14y2022i21p14091-d956717.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Red Deer in Lithuania: History, Status and Management

Author

Listed:
  • Linas Balčiauskas

    (Nature Research Centre, Akademijos 2, 08412 Vilnius, Lithuania)

  • Yukichika Kawata

    (Faculty of Economics, Kindai University, 4-1 Kowakae 3-Chome, Higashiosaka 577-8502, Osaka, Japan)

Abstract

The history, current population status and (un)sustainable management of red deer ( Cervus elaphus ) in Lithuania are reviewed on the basis of 57 publications and, additionally, analysis of data on numbers and hunting bag. After the extinction of the species at the beginning of the 19th century, red deer were reintroduced into the northern part of the country during World War I. Population re-establishment was further fueled after WWII by immigration from neighboring countries and local translocations. After the introduction of the Law on Hunting in 2002, which enabled hunting organizations to rent hunting grounds for longer than 10 years, local wildlife management strategies were targeted at increasing the number of animals. However, a scientifically-based target population size for C. elaphus , agreed by all major stakeholders, has still not been defined. In the last 20 years, population growth has been exponential, deer numbers in Lithuania being estimated as 68,816 individuals in 2021. An increase in the size of the hunting bag is necessary for the sustainable management of the species at the national scale and to avoid risks of over-population as observed elsewhere in Europe.

Suggested Citation

  • Linas Balčiauskas & Yukichika Kawata, 2022. "Red Deer in Lithuania: History, Status and Management," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(21), pages 1-18, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:21:p:14091-:d:956717
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/21/14091/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/21/14091/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Linas Balčiauskas & Yukichika Kawata & Laima Balčiauskienė, 2020. "Moose Management Strategies under Changing Legal and Institutional Frameworks," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(20), pages 1-18, October.
    2. Indre Grazuleviciute-Vileniske & Erika Zaleskiene & Gintare Baltrusaityte & Lauryna Rubikaite, 2015. "Urbanization Influence on the Relicts of Soviet Rural Landscape," SAGE Open, , vol. 5(3), pages 21582440156, September.
    3. Marius Lazdinis & Jean-Michel Roberge & Petras Kurlavicius & Gintautas Mozgeris & Per Angelstam, 2005. "Afforestation Planning and Biodiversity Conservation: Predicting Effects on Habitat Functionality in Lithuania," Journal of Environmental Planning and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 48(3), pages 331-348.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Linas Balčiauskas & Laima Balčiauskienė & John A. Litvaitis & Eugenijus Tijušas, 2020. "Citizen Scientists Showed a Four-Fold Increase of Lynx Numbers in Lithuania," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(22), pages 1-13, November.
    2. Gintarė Sujetovienė & Giedrius Dabašinskas, 2023. "Ecosystem Service Value Changes in Response to Land Use Dynamics in Lithuania," Land, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-15, December.
    3. Daiva Juknelienė & Vaiva Kazanavičiūtė & Jolanta Valčiukienė & Virginija Atkocevičienė & Gintautas Mozgeris, 2021. "Spatiotemporal Patterns of Land-Use Changes in Lithuania," Land, MDPI, vol. 10(6), pages 1-24, June.
    4. Linas Balčiauskas, 2022. "Mammal Status: Diversity, Abundance and Dynamics: An Editorial," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(8), pages 1-3, April.
    5. Visković Nika Razpotnik, 2017. "Spatial Constraints of Slovenian Farms: What Does Urbanization Have to Do with It?," European Countryside, Sciendo, vol. 9(2), pages 274-286, June.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:21:p:14091-:d:956717. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.