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Effects of Restoration Years on Vegetation and Soil Characteristics under Different Artificial Measures in Alpine Mining Areas, West China

Author

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  • Liqun Jin

    (State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China
    Huangyuan County Grassland Station, Xining 812100, China)

  • Xilai Li

    (State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China)

  • Huafang Sun

    (State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China)

  • Junteng Wang

    (The Seed Station, Huangyuan County, Xining 812100, China)

  • Jing Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China)

  • Yufang Zhang

    (State Key Laboratory of Plateau Ecology and Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, China)

Abstract

In view of the problem of sustainable restoration of vegetation in alpine mining areas, vegetation communities and physical and chemical properties of soil under different artificial restoration measures (i.e., grass monoculture, sowing quantity and topsoil replacement) were investigated for five consecutive years (2016–2020) in the sloped eastern area of a northern slag mound in the Jiangcang mining area of the Muli coalfield in Qinghai, China. The results showed that the vegetation characteristics of different sowing treatments with different kinds of grass species, such as Elymus nutans , Poa pratensis cv. Qinghai and Poa crymophila cv. Qinghai, were significantly different ( p < 0.05). The content of soil available nitrogen and phosphorus was significantly different among different grass species ( p < 0.05). Vegetation coverage and ramet density of sowing treatment five were significantly higher than those of a lower sowing quantity ( p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the vegetation characteristics among different grass species treatments five years after the restoration ( p > 0.05). There was no significant difference in vegetation height of different soil covering treatments ( p > 0.05). In the early stage of restoration, vegetation coverage and ramet density in TR2 (resurfacing soil 10 cm) and TR3 (resurfacing soil 15 cm) were significantly higher than those without treatment. Soil N, P and organic matter under the treatments of TR1 (resurfacing soil 5 cm), TR2 and TR3 were significantly higher than those in CK ( p < 0.05) in the early stage of restoration, but there was no significant difference in soil N, P and organic matter after five years of restoration. Overall, the vegetation and soil characteristics showed a trend of increase first and then decrease during the 5-year restoration period under different artificial measures. There were significant differences in the vegetation and soil characteristics among different treatments in the second year of restoration ( p < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between the first year and the fifth year of restoration, which indicated that vegetation and soil began to degrade after five years of restoration, and substrate nutrients in the mining waste soil could only support the short-term restoration of vegetation. Therefore, it is necessary to target matrix nutrients in future vegetation restoration in alpine mining areas.

Suggested Citation

  • Liqun Jin & Xilai Li & Huafang Sun & Junteng Wang & Jing Zhang & Yufang Zhang, 2022. "Effects of Restoration Years on Vegetation and Soil Characteristics under Different Artificial Measures in Alpine Mining Areas, West China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-18, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:17:p:10889-:d:903222
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yunlong Hu & Zhifeng Yu & Xiangling Fang & Weixiong Zhang & Jinrong Liu & Feng Zhao, 2020. "Influence of Mining and Vegetation Restoration on Soil Properties in the Eastern Margin of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-12, June.
    2. Shiyong Sun & Hui Sun & Deshun Zhang & Jianfeng Zhang & Zeyu Cai & Guanghua Qin & Yumin Song, 2019. "Response of Soil Microbes to Vegetation Restoration in Coal Mining Subsidence Areas at Huaibei Coal Mine, China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(10), pages 1-14, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Qingqing Liu & Liangyu Lv & Miaohua He & Zongcheng Cai & Jianjun Shi, 2024. "Screening of Suitable Mixed Grass Species and Seeding Rates of Four Native Grass Seeds in an Alpine Mining Area," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(21), pages 1-17, November.

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