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Assessment of Multi-Satellite Precipitation Products over the Himalayan Mountains of Pakistan, South Asia

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  • Muhammad Umer Nadeem

    (Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
    Data Driven Smart Decision Platform, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Naveed Anjum

    (Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
    Data Driven Smart Decision Platform, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan)

  • Arslan Afzal

    (Department of Energy System Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Azam

    (Department of Structure and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan)

  • Fiaz Hussain

    (Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Usman

    (Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
    Data Driven Smart Decision Platform, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Mashood Javaid

    (Department of Land and Water Conservation Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Engineering and Technology, PMAS Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan)

  • Muhammad Ahsan Mukhtar

    (Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China)

  • Faizan Majeed

    (Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Bosan Road, Multan 60800, Pakistan
    Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, University of Kassel, 37213 Witzenhausen, Germany)

Abstract

Performance assessment of satellite-based precipitation products (SPPs) is critical for their application and development. This study assessed the accuracies of four satellite-based precipitation products (PERSIANN-CDR, PERSIANN-CCS, PERSIANN-DIR, and PERSIANN) using data of in situ weather stations installed over the Himalayan Mountains of Pakistan. All SPPs were evaluated on annual, seasonal, monthly, and daily bases from 2010 to 2017, over the whole spatial domain and at point-to-pixel scale. The assessment was conducted using widely used evaluation indices (root mean square error (RMSE), correlation coefficient (CC), bias, and relative bias (rBias)) along with categorical indices (false alarm ratio (FAR), probability of detection (POD), success ratio (SR), and critical success index (CSI)). Results showed: (1) PERSIANN and PERSIANN-DIR products efficiently traced the spatio-temporal distribution of precipitation over the Himalayan Mountains. (2) On monthly scale, the estimates of all SPPs were more consistent with the reference data than on the daily scale. (3) On seasonal scale, PERSIANN and PERSIANN-DIR showed better performances than the PERSIANN-CDR and PERSIANN-CCS products. (4) All SPPs were less accurate in sensing daily light to medium intensity precipitation events. Subsequently, for future hydro-meteorological investigations in the Himalayan range, we advocate the use of monthly PERSIANN and PERSIANN-DIR products.

Suggested Citation

  • Muhammad Umer Nadeem & Muhammad Naveed Anjum & Arslan Afzal & Muhammad Azam & Fiaz Hussain & Muhammad Usman & Muhammad Mashood Javaid & Muhammad Ahsan Mukhtar & Faizan Majeed, 2022. "Assessment of Multi-Satellite Precipitation Products over the Himalayan Mountains of Pakistan, South Asia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(14), pages 1-24, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:14:y:2022:i:14:p:8490-:d:860187
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mekonnen Gebremichael & Haowen Yue & Vahid Nourani & Richard Damoah, 2022. "The Skills of Medium-Range Precipitation Forecasts in the Senegal River Basin," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(6), pages 1-14, March.
    2. Dinesh Singh Bhati & Swatantra Kumar Dubey & Devesh Sharma, 2021. "Application of Satellite-Based and Observed Precipitation Datasets for Hydrological Simulation in the Upper Mahi River Basin of Rajasthan, India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(14), pages 1-14, July.
    3. Khameis Al Abdouli & Khalid Hussein & Dawit Ghebreyesus & Hatim O. Sharif, 2019. "Coastal Runoff in the United Arab Emirates—The Hazard and Opportunity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(19), pages 1-19, September.
    4. Varsha Pandey & Prashant K Srivastava & Sudhir K Singh & George P. Petropoulos & Rajesh Kumar Mall, 2021. "Drought Identification and Trend Analysis Using Long-Term CHIRPS Satellite Precipitation Product in Bundelkhand, India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-19, January.
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